Potential risk factors of persistent low back pain developing from mild low back pain in urban Japanese workers

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 9; no. 4; p. e93924
• Main Authors: Matsudaira, Ko, Konishi, Hiroaki, Miyoshi, Kota, Isomura, Tatsuya, Inuzuka, Kyoko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 01.04.2014; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis; Back pain; Backache; Biology and Life Sciences; Care and treatment; Confidence intervals; Diagnosis; Disability; Disease Progression; Epidemiology; Female; Flags; Genetics; Health aspects; Hospitals; Humans; Incidence; Japan - epidemiology; Job satisfaction; Low back pain; Low Back Pain - diagnosis; Low Back Pain - epidemiology; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mental depression; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases - diagnosis; Occupational Diseases - epidemiology; Occupational health; Occupational Health - statistics & numerical data; Occupational stress; Pain; Pain Measurement; Physical work; Prospective Studies; Questionnaires; Regression analysis; Research and Analysis Methods; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Sick leave; Statistical analysis; Stress; Supervisors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Systematic review; Urban environments; Urban Population; Work; Workers; Workloads; Japan
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093924

Two-year, prospective cohort data from the Japan epidemiological research of occupation-related back pain study in urban settings were used for this analysis. To examine the association between aggravated low back pain and psychosocial factors among Japanese workers with mild low back pain. Although psychosocial factors are strongly indicated as yellow flags of low back pain (LBP) leading to disability, the association between aggravated LBP and psychosocial factors has not been well assessed in Japanese workers. At baseline, 5,310 participants responded to a self-administered questionnaire including questions about individual characteristics, ergonomic work demands, and work-related psychosocial factors (response rate: 86.5%), with 3,811 respondents completing the 1-year follow-up questionnaire. The target outcome was aggravation of mild LBP into persistent LBP during the follow-up period. Incidence was calculated for the participants with mild LBP during the past year at baseline. Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors associated with persistent LBP. Of 1,675 participants who had mild LBP during the preceding year, 43 (2.6%) developed persistent LBP during the follow-up year. Multivariate analyses adjusted for individual factors and an ergonomic factor found statistically significant or almost significant associations of the following psychosocial factors with persistent LBP: interpersonal stress at work [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.96 and 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.00-3.82], job satisfaction (OR: 2.34, 95%CI: 1.21-4.54), depression (OR: 1.92, 95%CI: 1.00-3.69), somatic symptoms (OR: 2.78, 95%CI: 1.44-5.40), support from supervisors (OR: 2.01, 95%CI: 1.05-3.85), previous sick-leave due to LBP (OR: 1.94, 95%CI: 0.98-3.86) and family history of LBP with disability (OR: 1.98, 95%CI: 1.04-3.78). Psychosocial factors are important risk factors for persistent LBP in urban Japanese workers. It may be necessary to take psychosocial factors into account, along with physical work demands, to reduce LBP related disability.