Detection of a Human Intracisternal A-Type Retroviral Particle Antigenically Related to HIV

• Published in: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 250; no. 4984; pp. 1127 - 1129
• Main Authors: Garry, Robert F., Fermin, Cesar D., Hart, Darrenn J., Alexander, Steven S., Donehower, Lawrence A., Luo-Zhang, Hong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Legacy CDMS American Society for the Advancement of Science 23.11.1990; American Association for the Advancement of Science; The American Association for the Advancement of Science
• Subjects: AIDS; AIDS/HIV; Antigens; Autoimmune diseases; Biological and medical sciences; Biopsies; Causes of; Cell lines; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Disease; DNA; HIV; HIV (Viruses); HIV - immunology; HIV - ultrastructure; HIV Antigens - analysis; Humans; Identification and classification; Immunity (Disease); Life Sciences (General); Magnesium - pharmacology; Manganese - pharmacology; Medical research; Medical sciences; Microscopy, Electron; Mouth diseases; Retroviridae; Retroviridae - immunology; Retroviridae - ultrastructure; Retroviruses; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase - metabolism; Salivary glands; Salivary Glands - microbiology; Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis; Sjogren's syndrome; Sjogren's Syndrome - microbiology; Space life sciences; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Virion - enzymology; Virion - isolation & purification; Virion - ultrastructure; Viruses; Non-Nasa Center; Nasa Discipline Neuroscience; Human; Antigenic relationship; Connective tissue disease; Skin disease; Retroviridae; Salivary gland; Homology; Intracisternal A particle; Virus; Systemic disease; Lentivirinae; Sjogren syndrome; Human immunodeficiency virus; Lymphoblastoid cell; NASA Discipline Neuroscience; Non-NASA Center
• ISSN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.1701273

Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by dryness of the mouth and eyes. The loss of salivary and lacrimal gland function is accompanied by lymphocytic infiltration. Because similar symptoms and glandular pathology are observed in certain persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a search was initiated for a possible retroviral etiology in this syndrome. A human intracisternal A-type retroviral particle that is antigenically related to HIV was detected in lymphoblastoid cells exposed to homogenates of salivary tissue from patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Comparison of this retroviral particle to HIV indicates that they are distinguishable by several ultrastructural, physical, and enzymatic criteria.