The role of lipid droplets in metabolic disease in rodents and humans

Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles that store neutral lipids within cells. Over the last two decades there has been a dramatic growth in our understanding of LD biology and, in parallel, our understanding of the role of LDs in health and disease. In its simplest form, the LD regulates...

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Published inThe Journal of clinical investigation Vol. 121; no. 6; pp. 2102 - 2110
Main Authors Greenberg, Andrew S, Coleman, Rosalind A, Kraemer, Fredric B, McManaman, James L, Obin, Martin S, Puri, Vishwajeet, Yan, Qing-Wu, Miyoshi, Hideaki, Mashek, Douglas G
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society for Clinical Investigation 01.06.2011
Subjects
Adipocytes
Adipocytes - physiology
Adipocytes - ultrastructure
Adipose Tissue - physiopathology
Animals
Biology
Biomedical research
Biosynthesis
Blood lipids
Cell death
Cholesterol
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus - physiopathology
Disease
Energy Metabolism - physiology
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids - adverse effects
Fatty Acids - metabolism
Fatty Liver - physiopathology
Fibroblasts
Glycerol
Humans
Hydrolysis
Insulin Resistance
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - physiology
Lipids
Lipids - physiology
Lipolysis - physiology
Metabolic Diseases - physiopathology
Metabolic disorders
Mice
Mice, Mutant Strains
Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Obesity - physiopathology
Physiology
Proteins
Review
Signal Transduction - physiology
Triglycerides
Triglycerides - metabolism
Vacuoles - physiology
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Summary:Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles that store neutral lipids within cells. Over the last two decades there has been a dramatic growth in our understanding of LD biology and, in parallel, our understanding of the role of LDs in health and disease. In its simplest form, the LD regulates the storage and hydrolysis of neutral lipids, including triacylglycerol and/or cholesterol esters. It is becoming increasingly evident that alterations in the regulation of LD physiology and metabolism influence the risk of developing metabolic diseases such as diabetes. In this review we provide an update on the role of LD-associated proteins and LDs in metabolic disease.
ISSN:0021-9738
1558-8238
DOI:10.1172/jci46069