Role of MSX1 in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Msh homeobox 1 (MSX1) encodes a transcription factor implicated in embryonic development of limbs and craniofacial tissues including bone and teeth. Although MSX1 regulates osteoblast differentiation in the cranial bone of young animal, little is known about the contribution of MSX1 to the osteogeni...

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Published inStem cells international Vol. 2016; no. 2016; pp. 1 - 13
Main Authors Kato, Yukio, Kozai, Katsuyuki, Noshiro, Mitsuhide, Kawamoto, Takeshi, Ohshima, Hayato, Ida-Yonemochi, Hiroko, Fujii, Sakiko, Fujimoto, Katsumi, Goto, Noriko, Shukunami, Chisa
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01.01.2016
Hindawi Limited
Wiley
Subjects
Bone morphogenetic proteins
Calcification
Cholesterol
DNA microarrays
Garlic
Genes
Health sciences
Mutation
Phosphatases
Pneumoviridae
Protein binding
R&D
Research & development
RNA
Stem cells
Studies
Teeth
Transcription (Genetics)
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Summary:Msh homeobox 1 (MSX1) encodes a transcription factor implicated in embryonic development of limbs and craniofacial tissues including bone and teeth. Although MSX1 regulates osteoblast differentiation in the cranial bone of young animal, little is known about the contribution of MSX1 to the osteogenic potential of human cells. In the present study, we investigate the role of MSX1 in osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells isolated from deciduous teeth. When these cells were exposed to osteogenesis-induction medium, runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), and osteocalcin (OCN) mRNA levels, as well as alkaline phosphatase activity, increased on days 4–12, and thereafter the matrix was calcified on day 14. However, knockdown of MSX1 with small interfering RNA abolished the induction of the osteoblast-related gene expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcification. Interestingly, DNA microarray and PCR analyses revealed that MSX1 knockdown induced the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) transcriptional factor and its downstream target genes in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis enhances osteoblast differentiation of various mesenchymal cells. Thus, MSX1 may downregulate the cholesterol synthesis-related genes to ensure osteoblast differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells.
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Academic Editor: Gary E. Lyons
ISSN:1687-966X
1687-9678
1687-9678
DOI:10.1155/2016/8035759