Cross-cultural translation and psychometric validation of the French version of the Fear-Avoidance Components Scale (FACS)

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 18; no. 10; p. e0288899
• Main Authors: Duport, Arnaud, Bédard, Sonia, Raynauld, Catherine, Bordeleau, Martine, Neblett, Randy, Balg, Frédéric, Devanne, Hervé, Léonard, Guillaume
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 12.10.2023; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis; Avoidance; Avoidance behavior; Biology and Life Sciences; Chronic pain; Civil Engineering; Clinical outcomes; Cognitive science; Consistency; Convergence; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Depression, Mental; Engineering Sciences; Evaluation; Fear; Flow cytometry; Health aspects; Humans; Interpreters; Likert scale; Medical screening; Medicine and Health Sciences; Musculoskeletal Pain - diagnosis; Neuroscience; Orthopedics; Pain; Patients; People and Places; Population studies; Psychological aspects; Psychometrics; Quantitative psychology; Questionnaires; Rehabilitation; Reliability; Reproducibility of Results; Research and Analysis Methods; Social Sciences; Surgeons; Surveys and Questionnaires; Translating and interpreting; Translation; Translations; Validation studies; Validity; Canada; Florida; Serbia; France; Kinesiphobia; Fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire; Cross-cultural Adaptation
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288899

The Fear-Avoidance Components Scale (FACS) is a reliable and valid instrument widely used to assess fear-avoidance beliefs related to pain and disability. However, there is a scarcity of validated translations of the FACS in different cultural and linguistic contexts, including the French population. This study aimed to translate and validate the French version of the FACS (FACS-Fr/CF), examining its psychometric properties among French-speaking individuals. A cross-cultural translation process-including forward translation, backward translation, expert committee review, and pre-testing-was conducted to develop the FACS-Fr/CF. The translated version was administered to a sample of French-speaking adults (n = 55) with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Internal consistency (including confirmatory analyses of the 2 factors identified in the Serbian version), test-retest reliability and convergent validity were then assessed. The FACS-Fr/CF demonstrated high global internal consistency (α = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.96) as well as high internal consistency of the 2 factors identified in the Serbian version (α = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.94 and α = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.94, respectively). Test-retest analysis revealed a moderate (close to high) reliability (ICC = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82-0.94 and r = 0.89; p<0.005). Convergent validity was supported by significant correlations between the FACS-Fr/CF scores and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (r = 0.82; p < 0.005), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = 0.72; p < 0.005) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (r = 0.66; p < 0.005). The present study provides evidence for the cross-cultural translation and psychometric validation of the FACS-Fr/CF. The FACS-Fr/CF exhibits a high internal consistency, a moderate (close to high) test-retest reliability, and good construct validity, suggesting its utility in assessing fear-avoidance beliefs in the French-speaking population. This validated tool can enhance the assessment and understanding of fear-avoidance behaviors and facilitate cross-cultural research in pain-related studies.