A molecular epidemiological and genetic diversity study of tuberculosis in Ibadan, Nnewi and Abuja, Nigeria

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 7; no. 6; p. e38409
• Main Authors: Lawson, Lovett, Zhang, Jian, Gomgnimbou, Michel K, Abdurrahman, Saddiq T, Le Moullec, Stéphanie, Mohamed, Fatima, Uzoewulu, Gertrude N, Sogaolu, Olumide M, Goh, Khye Seng, Emenyonu, Nnamdi, Refrégier, Guislaine, Cuevas, Luis E, Sola, Christophe
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 18.06.2012; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Biodiversity; Biology; Clinical isolates; Cluster Analysis; Clusters; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Disease transmission; DNA; Drug resistance; Epidemiology; Evolution, Molecular; Female; Genetic aspects; Genetic diversity; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Genotypes; Geopolitics; Humans; Leprosy; Life Sciences; Male; Medicine; Microbial drug resistance; Microbiology and Parasitology; Middle Aged; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - classification; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - genetics; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification; Nigeria - epidemiology; Phylogeny; Population; Public health; Spoligotyping; Teaching hospitals; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis - epidemiology; Tuberculosis - transmission; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - genetics; Young Adult; Nigeria; Ibadan Nigeria; Abuja Nigeria
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038409

Nigeria has the tenth highest burden of tuberculosis (TB) among the 22 TB high-burden countries in the world. This study describes the biodiversity and epidemiology of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB in Ibadan, Nnewi and Abuja, using 409 DNAs extracted from culture positive TB isolates. DNAs extracted from clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex were studied by spoligotyping and 24 VNTR typing. The Cameroon clade (CAM) was predominant followed by the M. africanum (West African 1) and T (mainly T2) clades. By using a smooth definition of clusters, 32 likely epi-linked clusters related to the Cameroon genotype family and 15 likely epi-linked clusters related to other "modern" genotypes were detected. Eight clusters concerned M. africanum West African 1. The recent transmission rate of TB was 38%. This large study shows that the recent transmission of TB in Nigeria is high, without major regional differences, with MDR-TB clusters. Improvement in the TB control programme is imperative to address the TB control problem in Nigeria.