Cortical porosity not superior to conventional densitometry in identifying hemodialysis patients with fragility fracture

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 12; no. 2; p. e0171873
• Main Authors: Bielesz, Bernhard, Patsch, Janina M, Fischer, Lukas, Bojic, Marija, Winnicki, Wolfgang, Weber, Michael, Cejka, Daniel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 15.02.2017; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Absorptiometry; Absorptiometry, Photon; Adult; Age; Aged; Area Under Curve; Biocompatibility; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomedical materials; Bone Density; Bone mineral density; Calcification; Calcification (ectopic); Compartments; Computed tomography; Coronary vessels; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data processing; Densitometers; Densitometry; Diabetes mellitus; Diagnosis; Dialysis; Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; Female; Femur; Femur - diagnostic imaging; Femur - physiology; Femur - physiopathology; Fractures; Fractures (Injuries); Fractures, Bone - diagnosis; Fractures, Bone - etiology; Fractures, Bone - physiopathology; Fragility; Health aspects; Hemodialysis; Hemodialysis patients; Humans; Kidney diseases; Kidney transplantation; Laboratories; Logistic Models; Male; Medical imaging; Medicine; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Mineral metabolism; Nephrology; Osteopenia; Patients; Pediatrics; Physical Sciences; Porosity; Post-menopause; Radius; Radius - diagnostic imaging; Radius - physiopathology; Renal Dialysis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - therapy; ROC Curve; Scanners; Tibia; Tibia - diagnostic imaging; Tibia - physiology; Tibia - physiopathology; Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Transplants & implants; Trauma; X-rays
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171873

Hemodialysis (HD) patients face increased fracture risk, which is further associated with elevated risk of hospitalization and mortality. High-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HR-pQCT) has advanced our understanding of bone disease in chronic kidney disease by characterizing distinct changes in both the cortical and trabecular compartments. Increased cortical porosity (Ct.Po) has been shown to be associated with fracture in patients with osteopenia or in postmenopausal diabetic women. We tested whether the degree of Ct.Po identifies hemodialysis patients with prevalent fragility fractures in comparison to bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We performed a post-hoc analysis of a cross-sectional study in 76 prevalent hemodialysis patients. Markers of mineral metabolism, coronary calcification score, DXA-, and HR-pQCT-data were analyzed, and Ct.Po determined at radius and tibia. Ct.Po was significantly higher in patients with fracture but association was lost after adjusting for age and gender (tibia p = 0.228, radius p = 0.5). Instead, femoral (F) BMD neck area (p = 0.03), F T-score neck area (p = 0.03), radius (R) BMD (p = 0.03), R T-score (p = 0.03), and cortical HR-pQCT indices such as cortical area (Ct.Ar) (tibia: p = 0.01; radius: p = 0.02) and cortical thickness (Ct.Th) (tibia: p = 0.03; radius: p = 0.02) correctly classified patients with fragility fractures. Area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for Ct.Po (tibia AUC: 0.711; p = 0.01; radius AUC: 0.666; p = 0.04), Ct.Ar (tibia AUC: 0.832; p<0.001; radius AUC: 0.796; p<0.001), and F neck BMD (AUC: 0.758; p = 0.002) did not differ significantly among each other. In conclusion, measuring Ct.Po is not superior to BMD determined by DXA for identification of HD patients with fragility fracture.