Behavioral risk factors of breast cancer in Bangui of Central African Republic: A retrospective case-control study

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 12; no. 2; p. e0171154
• Main Authors: Balekouzou, Augustin, Yin, Ping, Afewerky, Henok Kessete, Bekolo, Cavin, Pamatika, Christian Maucler, Nambei, Sylvain Wilfrid, Djeintote, Marceline, Doui Doumgba, Antoine, Mossoro-Kpinde, Christian Diamont, Shu, Chang, Yin, Minghui, Fu, Zhen, Qing, Tingting, Yan, Mingming, Zhang, Jianyuan, Chen, Shaojun, Li, Hongyu, Xu, Zhongyu, Koffi, Boniface
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 08.02.2017; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcohol; Alcohol use; Alcoholic beverages; Asian Americans; Biology; Biology and Life Sciences; Body weight; Body Weights and Measures; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology; Breast Neoplasms - etiology; Cancer; Case-Control Studies; Central African Republic; Confidence intervals; Consumption; Data collection; Data processing; Developing countries; Education; Epidemiology; Exercise; Exposure; Female; Fish; Forecasts and trends; Genetics; Health aspects; Health behavior; Health risk assessment; Health risks; Health sciences; Humans; Laboratories; LDCs; Life Style; Lifestyles; Marriage; Medical records; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Minas; Mortality; Obesity; Overweight; People and Places; Physical activity; Public health; Quality of life; Radiation; Radiation effects; Regression analysis; Regression models; Retrospective Studies; Risk analysis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Risk taking; Social Sciences; Socioeconomic Factors; Statistical analysis; Studies; Systematic review; Wine; Wines; Womens health; Young Adult; Central African Republic; East Asia; China
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171154

Breast cancer is recognized as a major public health problem in developing countries; however, there is very little evidence of behavioral factors associated with breast cancer risk. This study was conducted to identify lifestyles as risk factors for breast cancer among Central African women. A case-control study was conducted with 174 cases confirmed histologically by the pathology unit of the National Laboratory and 348 age-matched controls. Data collection tools included a questionnaire with interviews and medical records of patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were obtained by unconditional logistic regression. In total, 522 women were studied with a mean age of 45.8 (SD = 13.4) years. By unconditional logistic regression model, women with breast cancer were more likely to have attained illiterate and elementary education level [11.23 (95% CI, 4.65-27.14) and 2.40 (95% CI, 1.15-4.99)], married [2.09 (95% CI, 1.18-3.71)], positive family history [2.31 (95% CI, 1.36-3.91)], radiation exposure [8.21 (95% CI, 5.04-13.38)], consumption charcuterie [10.82 (95% CI, 2.39-48.90)], fresh fish consumption [4.26 (95% CI, 1.56-11.65)], groundnut consumption [6.46 (95% CI, 2.57-16.27)], soybean consumption [16.74 (95% CI, 8.03-39.84)], alcohol [2.53 (95% CI, 1.39-4.60)], habit of keeping money in bras[3.57 (95% CI, 2.24-5.69)], overweight [5.36 (95% CI, 4.46-24.57)] and obesity [3.11(95% CI, 2.39-20.42)]. However, decreased risk of breast cancer was associated with being employed [0.32 (95% CI, 0.19-0.56)], urban residence [0.16 (95% CI, 0.07-0.37)], groundnut oil consumption [0.05 (95% CI, 0.02-0.14)], wine consumption [0.16 (95% CI, 0.09-0.26)], non habit of keeping cell phone in bras [0.56 (95% CI, 0.35-0.89)] and physical activity [0.71(95% CI, 0.14-0.84)]. The study showed that little or no education, marriage, positive family history of cancer, radiation exposure, charcuterie, fresh fish, groundnut, soybean, alcohol, habit of keeping money in bras, overweight and obesity were associated with breast cancer risk among Central African women living in Bangui. Women living in Bangui should be more cautious on the behavioral risk associated with breast cancer.