Effect of Alemtuzumab on Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes and Intestinal Barrier Function in Cynomolgus Model

• Published in: Chinese medical journal Vol. 128; no. 5; pp. 680 - 686
• Main Authors: Qu, Lin-Lin, Lyu, Ya-Qing, Jiang, Hai-Tao, Shan, Ting, Zhang, Jing-Bin, Li, Qiu-Rong, Li, Jie-Shou
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: China Medknow Publications Pvt Ltd 05.03.2015; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies; Department of Biliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China%Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd; Wolters Kluwer
• Subjects: Alemtuzumab; Alemtuzumab; Barrier Function; Infection; Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes; Lymphocyte Depletion; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - therapeutic use; Antigens; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Cytotoxicity; Dosage and administration; Flow Cytometry; Health aspects; Immunotherapy; Infections; Intestines; Intestines - cytology; Kidneys; Laboratory animals; Leukemia; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes - drug effects; Lymphoma; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Monoclonal antibodies; Original; Patient outcomes; Phlebotomy; Small intestine; Surgery; Transplants & implants; 上皮内淋巴细胞; 单抗; 屏障功能; 模型; 淋巴细胞白血病; 猕猴; 肠; 酶联免疫测定法; China; Infection; Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes; Alemtuzumab; Lymphocyte Depletion; Barrier Function
• ISSN: 0366-6999; 2542-5641
• DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.151675

Background：Alemtuzumab has been used in organ transplantation and a variety of hematologic malignancies （especially for the treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia）.However,serious infectious complications frequently occur after treatment.The reason for increased infections postalemtuzumab treatment is unknown at this stage.We explore the effect ofalemtuzumab on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes （IELs） and intestinal barrier function in cynomolgus model to explain the reason of infection following alemtuzumab treatment.Methods：Twelve male cynomolguses were randomly assigned to either a treatment or control group.The treatment group received alemtuzumab （3 mg/kg,intravenous injection） while the control group received the same volume of physiological saline.Intestinal IELs were isolated from the control group and the treatment group （on day 9,35,and 70 after treatment） for counting and flow cytometric analysis.Moreover,intestinal permeability was monitored by enzymatic spectrophotometric technique and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results：The numbers of IELs were decreased significantly on day 9 after treatment compared with the control group （0.35 ± 0.07 × 10^8 and 1.35 ± 0.09 × 10^8,respectively; P 〈 0.05） and were not fully restored until day 70 after treatment.There were significant differences among four groups considering IELs subtypes.In addition,the proportion ofapoptotic IELs after alemtuzumab treatment was significantly higher than in the control group （22.01 ± 3.67 and 6.01 ± 1.42,respectively; P 〈 0.05）.Moreover,the concentration of D-lactate and endotoxin was also increased significantly on day 9 after treatment.Conclusions：Alemtuzumab treatment depletes lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and intestine of cynomolgus model.The induction of apoptosis is an important mechanism of lymphocyte depletion after alemtuzumab treatment.Notably,intestinal barrier function may be disrupted after alemtuzumab treatment.