An integrated map of structural variation in 2,504 human genomes

• Published in: Nature (London) Vol. 526; no. 7571; pp. 75 - 81
• Main Authors: Sudmant, Peter H., Rausch, Tobias, Gardner, Eugene J., Handsaker, Robert E., Abyzov, Alexej, Huddleston, John, Zhang, Yan, Ye, Kai, Jun, Goo, Hsi-Yang Fritz, Markus, Konkel, Miriam K., Malhotra, Ankit, Stütz, Adrian M., Shi, Xinghua, Paolo Casale, Francesco, Chen, Jieming, Hormozdiari, Fereydoun, Dayama, Gargi, Chen, Ken, Malig, Maika, Chaisson, Mark J. P., Walter, Klaudia, Meiers, Sascha, Kashin, Seva, Garrison, Erik, Auton, Adam, Lam, Hugo Y. K., Jasmine Mu, Xinmeng, Alkan, Can, Antaki, Danny, Bae, Taejeong, Cerveira, Eliza, Chines, Peter, Chong, Zechen, Clarke, Laura, Dal, Elif, Ding, Li, Emery, Sarah, Fan, Xian, Gujral, Madhusudan, Kahveci, Fatma, Kidd, Jeffrey M., Kong, Yu, Lameijer, Eric-Wubbo, McCarthy, Shane, Flicek, Paul, Gibbs, Richard A., Marth, Gabor, Mason, Christopher E., Menelaou, Androniki, Muzny, Donna M., Nelson, Bradley J., Noor, Amina, Parrish, Nicholas F., Pendleton, Matthew, Quitadamo, Andrew, Raeder, Benjamin, Schadt, Eric E., Romanovitch, Mallory, Schlattl, Andreas, Sebra, Robert, Shabalin, Andrey A., Untergasser, Andreas, Walker, Jerilyn A., Wang, Min, Yu, Fuli, Zhang, Chengsheng, Zhang, Jing, Zheng-Bradley, Xiangqun, Zhou, Wanding, Zichner, Thomas, Sebat, Jonathan, Batzer, Mark A., McCarroll, Steven A., Mills, Ryan E., Gerstein, Mark B., Bashir, Ali, Stegle, Oliver, Devine, Scott E., Lee, Charles, Eichler, Evan E., Korbel, Jan O.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.10.2015; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 45; 631/208/212; 631/208/726/649/2157; Algorithms; Amino Acid Sequence; Artificial chromosomes; Demography; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Gene mapping; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic research; Genetic variation; Genetic Variation - genetics; Genetics, Medical; Genetics, Population; Genome, Human - genetics; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomes; Genomics; Genotype; Haplotypes; Haplotypes - genetics; Homozygote; Human populations; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Molecular structure; multidisciplinary; Mutation; Mutation Rate; Physical Chromosome Mapping; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics; Population; Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics; Science; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Deletion - genetics; Studies; United States
• ISSN: 0028-0836; 1476-4687; 1476-4687
• DOI: 10.1038/nature15394

Structural variants are implicated in numerous diseases and make up the majority of varying nucleotides among human genomes. Here we describe an integrated set of eight structural variant classes comprising both balanced and unbalanced variants, which we constructed using short-read DNA sequencing data and statistically phased onto haplotype blocks in 26 human populations. Analysing this set, we identify numerous gene-intersecting structural variants exhibiting population stratification and describe naturally occurring homozygous gene knockouts that suggest the dispensability of a variety of human genes. We demonstrate that structural variants are enriched on haplotypes identified by genome-wide association studies and exhibit enrichment for expression quantitative trait loci. Additionally, we uncover appreciable levels of structural variant complexity at different scales, including genic loci subject to clusters of repeated rearrangement and complex structural variants with multiple breakpoints likely to have formed through individual mutational events. Our catalogue will enhance future studies into structural variant demography, functional impact and disease association. The Structural Variation Analysis Group of The 1000 Genomes Project reports an integrated structural variation map based on discovery and genotyping of eight major structural variation classes in 2,504 unrelated individuals from across 26 populations; structural variation is compared within and between populations and its functional impact is quantified. Structural variation mapped in over 2,500 human genomes The Structural Variation Analysis Group of The 1000 Genomes Project reports an integrated structural variation map based on discovery and genotyping of eight major structural variation classes in genomes for 2,504 unrelated individuals from across 26 populations. They characterize structural variation within and between populations and quantify its functional effect. The authors further create a phased reference panel that will be valuable for population genetic and disease association studies.