The hematopoietic stem cell transplant comorbidity index can predict for 30-day readmission following autologous stem cell transplant for lymphoma and multiple myeloma

• Published in: Bone marrow transplantation (Basingstoke) Vol. 49; no. 10; pp. 1323 - 1329
• Main Authors: Jaglowski, S M, Ruppert, A S, Hofmeister, C C, Elder, P, Blum, W, Klisovic, R, Vasu, S, Penza, S, Efebera, Y A, Benson, D M, Devine, S M, Andritsos, L A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.10.2014; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 692/499; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Autografts; Biological and medical sciences; Bone marrow; Bone marrow, stem cells transplantation. Graft versus host reaction; Care and treatment; Cell Biology; Comorbidity; Confidence intervals; Evaluation; Female; Fever; Hazards; Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases; Hematology; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - methods; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - mortality; Hematopoietic stem cells; Humans; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunopathology; Internal Medicine; Leukemias. Malignant lymphomas. Malignant reticulosis. Myelofibrosis; Lymphoma; Lymphoma - mortality; Lymphoma - therapy; Lymphomas; Male; Medical sciences; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Multiple myeloma; Multiple Myeloma - mortality; Multiple Myeloma - therapy; original-article; Patient outcomes; Public Health; Statistical analysis; Statistical models; Stem cell transplantation; Stem Cells; Toxicity; Transfusions. Complications. Transfusion reactions. Cell and gene therapy; Transplantation; Transplantation Conditioning - methods; Transplantation Conditioning - mortality; Transplantation, Autologous - methods; Young Adult; United States; Immunopathology; Comorbidity index; Hematology; Stem cell; Hematopoietic cell; Malignant hemopathy; Hospitalization; Lymphoid neoplasm; Myeloma; Lymphoma; Autograft; Immunoglobulinopathy; Lymphoproliferative syndrome; Predictive factor; Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Cancer
• ISSN: 0268-3369; 1476-5365
• DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2014.155

Patients who undergo autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for hematologic malignancies frequently have multiple comorbidities. The hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index (HCT-CI), a transplant-specific modification of the Charlson comorbidity index, can predict risk of readmission following allogeneic stem cell transplant. Its utility in the autologous setting is unknown. We evaluated 620 patients who underwent ASCT at the Ohio State University from 2007 to 2012 for lymphoma or multiple myeloma (MM) to identify factors associated with readmission. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to estimate the odds of readmission within 30 days of discharge following ASCT. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate OS. Sixty-four patients were readmitted within 30 days; the most common indications were fever and prolonged gastrointestinal toxicity. MM compared with lymphoma (odds ratio (OR) 1.89, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.06–3.38, P =0.03), HCT-CI⩾3 (OR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.03–2.96, P =0.04) and length of hospitalization ⩾28 days (OR 3.14, 95% CI: 1.26–7.83, P =0.01) remained significantly associated with 30-day readmission in a multivariable model. While the model had excellent fit ( P >0.75), its ability to predict individual patients who would be readmitted was less than acceptable (receiver-operator curve=0.64, 95% CI: 0.57–0.71). In a multivariable proportional hazards model, 30-day readmission (hazards ratio (HR) 1.81, 95% CI: 1.04–3.18, P =0.04), length of hospitalization ⩾28 days (HR 4.93, 95% CI: 2.65–9.18, P <0.001) and chemorefractory disease (HR 3.08, 95% CI: 1.74–5.43, P <0.001) were independently associated with inferior OS, but HCT-CI was not. Evaluation of other assessment tools may allow better prediction of outcomes following ASCT.