TCDD administered on activated carbon eliminates bioavailability and subsequent shifts to a key murine gut commensal

• Published in: Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol. 101; no. 19; pp. 7409 - 7415
• Main Authors: Stedtfeld, Robert D., Brett Sallach, J., Crawford, Robert B., Stedtfeld, Tiffany M., Williams, Maggie R., Waseem, Hassan, Johnston, Cliff T., Li, Hui, Teppen, Brian J., Kaminski, Norbert E., Boyd, Stephen A., Tiedje, James M., Hashsham, Syed A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.10.2017; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Abundance; Activated carbon; Bacteria; Bioavailability; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Communities; Community structure; Corn; Corn oil; Digestive system; Dioxins; Environmental aspects; Environmental Biotechnology; Filamentous bacteria; Gene expression; Gene sequencing; genes; Genetic aspects; Ileum; Intestinal microflora; intestinal microorganisms; Lactobacillaceae; Life Sciences; Methods; mice; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Microbiota; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Observations; Oils & fats; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Relative abundance; remediation; Ribonucleic acid; ribosomal RNA; RNA; RNA sequencing; Rodents; rRNA 16S; TCDD; tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; Toxicity; Zea mays; Corn oil; Dioxin; TCDD; Activated carbon sequestration; Segmented filamentous bacteria; Remediation; Dysbiosis; Gut microbiome
• ISSN: 0175-7598; 1432-0614; 1432-0614
• DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8460-9

Activated carbon (AC) is an increasingly attractive remediation alternative for the sequestration of dioxins at contaminated sites globally. However, the potential for AC to reduce the bioavailability of dioxins in mammals and the residing gut microbiota has received less attention. This question was partially answered in a recent study examining 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin (TCDD)-induced hallmark toxic responses in mice administered with TCDD sequestered by AC or freely available in corn oil by oral gavage. Results from that study support the use of AC to significantly reduce the bioavailability of TCDD to the host. Herein, we examined the bioavailability of TCDD sequestered to AC on a key murine gut commensal and the influence of AC on the community structure of the gut microbiota. The analysis included qPCR to quantify the expression of segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) in the mouse ileum, which has responded to TCDD-induced host toxicity in previous studies and community structure via sequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. The expression of SFB 16S rRNA gene and functional genes significantly increased with TCDD administered with corn oil vehicle. Such a response was absent when TCDD was sequestered by AC. In addition, AC appeared to have a minimal influence on murine gut community structure and diversity, affecting only the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and two other groups. Results of this study further support the remedial use of AC for eliminating bioavailability of TCDD to host and subsequent influence on the gut microbiome.