Role of Inflammation in Classification of Diabetic Macular Edema by Optical Coherence Tomography

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the subretinal or intraretinal spaces in the macula in patients with diabetic retinopathy and leads to severely impaired central vision. Technical developments in retinal imaging systems have led to many advances in the study of D...

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Published inJournal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2019; no. 2019; pp. 1 - 8
Main Authors Lee, Kihwang, Cho, Chung-Hyun, Byeon, Hye-Eun, Ha, Seong Jung, Kim, Young Ho, Chung, Yoo-Ri, Kim, Jeong Hun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2019
Hindawi
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Hindawi Limited
Subjects
Cell adhesion & migration
Classification
Cytokines
Diabetes
Diabetic retinopathy
Dropsy
Edema
Endothelium
Fluids
Health aspects
Hyperglycemia
Hypoxia
Imaging systems
Inflammation
Ischemia
Kinases
Medical imaging
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Permeability
Physiology
Proteins
Retina
Review
Tomography
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vascular endothelial growth factor
South Korea
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Summary:Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the subretinal or intraretinal spaces in the macula in patients with diabetic retinopathy and leads to severely impaired central vision. Technical developments in retinal imaging systems have led to many advances in the study of DME. In particular, optical coherence tomography (OCT) can provide longitudinal and microstructural analysis of the macula. A comprehensive review was provided regarding the role of inflammation using OCT-based classification of DME and current and ongoing therapeutic approaches. In this review, we first describe the pathogenesis of DME, then discuss the classification of DME based on OCT findings and the association of different types of DME with inflammation, and finally describe current and ongoing therapeutic approaches using OCT-based classification of DME. Inflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis of DME, but its role appears to differ among the DME phenotypes, as determined by OCT. It is important to determine how the different DME subtypes respond to intravitreal injections of steroids, antivascular endothelial growth factor agents, and other drugs to improve prognosis and responsiveness to treatment.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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Academic Editor: Jordi Lluis Reverter
ISSN:2314-6745
2314-6753
DOI:10.1155/2019/8164250