A plasmonic chip for biomarker discovery and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes

Feldman and colleagues describe a plasmonic gold chip for distinguishing type 1 from type 2 diabetes using ultralow volumes of serum and with comparable sensitivity to the current gold standard, radioimmunoassays. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, whereas type 2 diabetes (T2D) results...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNature medicine Vol. 20; no. 8; pp. 948 - 953
Main Authors Zhang, Bo, Kumar, Rajiv B, Dai, Hongjie, Feldman, Brian J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Nature Publishing Group US 01.08.2014
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects
631/1647/350
631/250/38
692/53/2421
692/699/2743/137/1418
Analysis
Autoantibodies - blood
Autoantibodies - immunology
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmunity
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Cells
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - diagnosis
Diagnosis
Fluorescence
Gold
Humans
Infectious Diseases
Islets of Langerhans - immunology
Medical diagnosis
Metabolic Diseases
Molecular Medicine
Neurosciences
Obesity
Risk factors
Sensitivity and Specificity
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
Surface Plasmon Resonance - methods
technical-report
Type 1 diabetes
Iran
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Summary:Feldman and colleagues describe a plasmonic gold chip for distinguishing type 1 from type 2 diabetes using ultralow volumes of serum and with comparable sensitivity to the current gold standard, radioimmunoassays. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, whereas type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. Previously, the onset of these two separate diseases was easily distinguished, with children being most at risk for T1D and T2D occurring in overweight adults. However, the dramatic rise in obesity, coupled with the notable increase in T1D, has created a large overlap in these previously discrete patient populations. Delayed diagnosis of T1D can result in severe illness or death, and rapid diagnosis of T1D is critical for the efficacy of emerging therapies. However, attempts to apply next-generation platforms have been unsuccessful for detecting diabetes biomarkers. Here we describe the development of a plasmonic gold chip for near-infrared fluorescence–enhanced (NIR-FE) detection of islet cell–targeting autoantibodies. We demonstrate that this platform has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of T1D and can be used to discover previously unknown biomarkers of T1D.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:1078-8956
1546-170X
DOI:10.1038/nm.3619