Comparative Analysis of Matrix Metalloproteinase Family Members Reveals That MMP9 Predicts Survival and Response to Temozolomide in Patients with Primary Glioblastoma

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 11; no. 3; p. e0151815
• Main Authors: Li, Qingbin, Chen, Baoshi, Cai, Jinquan, Sun, Ying, Wang, Guangzhi, Li, Yongli, Li, Ruiyan, Feng, Yan, Han, Bo, Li, Jianlong, Tian, Yu, Yi, Liye, Jiang, Chuanlu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 29.03.2016; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adults; Biology; Biology and life sciences; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism; Brain; Brain cancer; Brain research; Brain tumors; Cancer therapies; Chemotherapy; Comparative analysis; Complications and side effects; Correlation; Dacarbazine - analogs & derivatives; Dacarbazine - pharmacology; Dacarbazine - therapeutic use; Datasets; Development and progression; Disease Progression; DNA Methylation - drug effects; Dosage and administration; Drug therapy; Extracellular matrix; Gelatinase B; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic - drug effects; Genetic aspects; Genomes; Glioblastoma; Glioblastoma - drug therapy; Glioblastoma - enzymology; Glioblastoma - genetics; Glioblastomas; Glioma; Hazards; Hospitals; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Matrix metalloproteinase; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - genetics; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - metabolism; Matrix metalloproteinases; Medical prognosis; Medical research; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metalloproteinase; Metastases; Methylation; Modulators; Neoplasm Grading; Neurosurgery; Patient outcomes; Patients; Physical Sciences; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Radiation therapy; Regression analysis; Regression models; Research and Analysis Methods; RNA, Messenger - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Studies; Survival; Survival Analysis; Temozolomide; Treatment Outcome; Tumors; Zinc; China
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151815

Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant TMZ chemotherapy is the current standard of care for patients with GBM. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, are key modulators of tumor invasion and metastasis due to their ECM degradation capacity. The aim of the present study was to identify the most informative MMP member in terms of prognostic and predictive ability for patients with primary GBM. The mRNA expression profiles of all MMP genes were obtained from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), the Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT) and the GSE16011 dataset. MGMT methylation status was also examined by pyrosequencing. The correlation of MMP9 expression with tumor progression was explored in glioma specimens of all grades. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate the association of MMP9 expression with survival and response to temozolomide. MMP9 was the only significant prognostic factor in three datasets for primary glioblastoma patients. Our results indicated that MMP9 expression is correlated with glioma grade (p<0.0001). Additionally, low expression of MMP9 was correlated with better survival outcome (OS: p = 0.0012 and PFS: p = 0.0066), and MMP9 was an independent prognostic factor in primary GBM (OS: p = 0.027 and PFS: p = 0.032). Additionally, the GBM patients with low MMP9 expression benefited from temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy regardless of the MGMT methylation status. Patients with primary GBMs with low MMP9 expression may have longer survival and may benefit from temozolomide chemotherapy.