Compensatory Effect between Aortic Stiffening and Remodelling during Ageing

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 10; no. 10; p. e0139211
• Main Authors: Guala, Andrea, Camporeale, Carlo, Ridolfi, Luca
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 01.10.2015; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Aging - physiology; Aorta; Aorta - physiopathology; Aortic valve stenosis; Backward waves; Blood Flow Velocity; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology; Care and treatment; Coronary vessels; Elderly; Epidemiology; Female; Flow velocity; Fluid dynamics; Heart diseases; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle age; Middle Aged; Models, Cardiovascular; Mortality; Multi-scale models; Multiscale analysis; Physiological aspects; Physiology; Risk Factors; Scale models; Stiffening; Systematic review; Ventricle; Womens health; Young Adult; United States; Italy
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139211

The arterial tree exhibits a complex spatio-temporal wave pattern, whose healthy behaviour depends on a subtle balance between mechanical and geometrical properties. Several clinical studies demonstrated that such a balance progressively breaks down during ageing, when the aorta stiffens and remodels by increasing its diameter. These two degenerative processes however, have different impacts on the arterial wave pattern. They both tend to compensate for each other, thus reducing the detrimental effect they would have had if they had arisen individually. This remarkable compensatory mechanism is investigated by a validated multi-scale model, with the aim to elucidate how aortic stiffening and remodelling quantitatively impact the complex interplay between forward and reflected backward waves in the arterial network. We focus on the aorta and on the pressure at the ventricular-aortic interface, which epidemiological studies demonstrate to play a key role in cardiovascular diseases.