Isolation, identification, and biological characteristics of Clostridium sartagoforme from rabbit

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 16; no. 11; p. e0259715
• Main Authors: Gong, Ruiguang, Ye, Xiangyang, Wang, Shuhui, Ren, Zhanjun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 15.11.2021; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Acids; Additives; Alcohols; Analysis; Animal experimentation; Animal health; Animal sciences; Animals; Bacteria; Biology and Life Sciences; Cellulase; Cellulose; Cellulose - metabolism; Clostridium; Clostridium - genetics; Colonies; Diseases; DNA, Ribosomal - metabolism; Feces; Feces - microbiology; Feed additives; Female; Fructose - metabolism; Galactose; Galactose - metabolism; Gastric Acid - metabolism; Gastric juice; Gelatin; Genetic testing; Health aspects; Heat resistance; Identification; Identification and classification; Inoculation; Inositol; Laboratories; Lysine; Lysine decarboxylase; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Methods; Microorganisms; Monosaccharides; Morbidity; Morphology; Nucleotide sequence; Observations; Phylogenetics; Physical Sciences; Physiology; Polysaccharides; Prevention; Rabbits; Research and Analysis Methods; rRNA 16S; Saccharides; Sodium; Sorbitol; Spore-forming bacteria; Spores; Sugar; Survival; Zoology; China
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259715

In order to develop microbial additives for rabbit feed, a spore-forming bacteria was isolated from the feces of Hyla rabbit using reinforced clostridium medium (RCM). The 16S rDNA sequence of the bacterium was subjected to pairwise sequence alignment using BLAST; the colony morphology, and physiological, biochemical, and stress resistance were studied. The results showed that the bacterium was Clostridium sartagoforme, a gram positive anaerobe, which can produce spores. The colony diameter was 0.5 mm-2.5 mm, the diameter of the bacteria was 0.5 μm-1.0 μm × 2.0 μm-6.3 μm, and the spore diameter was 1 μm-1.2 μm × 1 μm-1.2 μm. C. sartagoforme can utilize various sugars and alcohols such as fructose, galactose, sorbitol, and inositol. It secreted cellulase into the extracellular environment to form a transparent hydrolysis circle in Congo red medium, it could not liquify gelatin, and the lysine decarboxylase reaction was positive. In liquid medium it entered the stable growth period after 9 h of inoculation. Additionally, it had good stress resistance with a survival rate that exceeded 53% after gastric juice (pH 2.5) treatment for 3 h, it grew in a medium with a bile salt concentration of 0.3%, and the survival rate exceeded 85% after 10 minutes at 80°C. Moreover, animal testing indicated that this strain has no adverse effects on the morbidity and mortality of rabbits. In summary, C. sartagoforme XN-T4 was isolated from rabbit feces. This bacterium has good resistance to stress, can decompose a variety of monosaccharides and polysaccharides including cellulose, which is relatively harmless for animal health.