The Prevalence and Incidence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Its Associated Factors among Village Doctors in China

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 10; no. 5; p. e0124097
• Main Authors: He, Guangxue, Li, Yuan, Zhao, Fei, Wang, Lixia, Cheng, Shiming, Guo, Hui, Klena, John D, Fan, Haiying, Gao, Fangfang, Gao, Fei, Han, Guoxin, Ren, Liping, Song, Yudan, Xiong, Yongchao, Geng, Mengjie, Hou, Yueyun, He, Guoming, Li, Jianbo, Guo, Shufang, Yang, Jun, Yan, Daiqin, Wang, Yali, Gao, Haiyan, An, Jing, Duan, Xiaoyan, Wu, Chunru, Duan, Fengming, Hu, Dongmei, Lu, Kai, Zhao, Yanlin, Rao, Carol Y, Wang, Yu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 21.05.2015; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis; Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine; BCG; China; Community Health Workers; Correlation analysis; Demographics; Demography; Development and progression; Disease control; Disease prevention; Female; Global health; Health aspects; Health care; Health care policy; Health facilities; Health risks; Health services; Humans; Incidence; Infections; Interferon; Interferon-gamma Release Tests; Latent Tuberculosis - diagnosis; Latent Tuberculosis - epidemiology; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Medical diagnosis; Medical personnel; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Occupational health; Odds Ratio; Parameter estimation; Physicians; Prevalence; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology); Public health; Regression models; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Rural areas; Skin diseases; Skin tests; Smoking; Surveys; Systematic review; Tuberculin; Tuberculin Test; Tuberculosis; Young Adult; China
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124097

China is a high tuberculosis (TB) burden country. More than half of acute TB cases first seek medical care in village doctors' clinics or community health centers. Despite being responsible for patient referral and management, village doctors are not systematically evaluated for TB infection or disease. We assessed prevalence and incidence of latent TB infection (LTBI) among village doctors in China. A longitudinal study was conducted in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. We administered a questionnaire on demographics and risk factors for TB exposure and disease; Tuberculin skin testing (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube assay (QFT-GIT) was conducted at baseline and repeated 12 months later. We used a logistic regression model to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for risk factors for TST and QFT-GIT prevalence and incidence. At the time of follow up, 19.5% of the 880 participating village doctors had a positive TST and 46.0% had a positive QFT-GIT result. Factors associated with TST prevalence included having a BCG scar (OR = 1.45, 95%CI 1.03-2.04) and smoking (OR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.17-2.44). Risk factors associated with QFT-GIT prevalence included being male (OR = 2.17, 95%CI 1.63-2.89), below college education (OR=1.42, 95%CI 1.01-1.97), and working for ≥25 years as a village doctor (OR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.12-2.39). The annual incidence of LTBI was 11.4% by TST and 19.1% by QFT-GIT. QFT-GIT conversion was associated with spending 15 minutes or more per patient on average (OR = 2.62, 95%CI 1.39-4.97) and having BCG scar (OR = 0.53, 95%CI 0.28-1.00). Prevalence and incidence of LTBI among Chinese village doctors is high. TB infection control measures should be strengthened among village doctors and at village healthcare settings.