Molecular and biochemical characterization of a potato collection with contrasting tuber carotenoid content

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 12; no. 9; p. e0184143
• Main Authors: Sulli, Maria, Mandolino, Giuseppe, Sturaro, Monica, Onofri, Chiara, Diretto, Gianfranco, Parisi, Bruno, Giuliano, Giovanni
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 12.09.2017; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Abscisic acid; Alleles; Biology and Life Sciences; Body weight loss; Carotenoids; Carotenoids - analysis; Carotenoids - metabolism; Cloning; Cluster Analysis; Collection; Correlation; Diploidy; Dormancy; Esters; Food; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Regulatory Networks; Genes, Plant; Genetic Association Studies; Genetic engineering; Genotype; Genotypes; Homozygosity; Hydroxylase; Metabolism; Metabolites; Metabolome; Metabolomics - methods; Multivariate analysis; Nutrition; Phenotype; Physical Sciences; Physiological aspects; Plant Tubers - metabolism; Ploidy; Potatoes; Quantitative Trait Loci; Research and Analysis Methods; Solanum tuberosum - genetics; Solanum tuberosum - metabolism; Taxonomy; Tetraploidy; Tubers; Vitamin A; Wheat; Xanthophylls; Xanthophylls - metabolism; Zeaxanthin; Zeaxanthin epoxidase; β-Carotene; Italy
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184143

After wheat and rice, potato is the third most important staple food worldwide. A collection of ten tetraploid (Solanum tuberosum) and diploid (S. phureja and S. chacoense) genotypes with contrasting carotenoid content was subjected to molecular characterization with respect to candidate carotenoid loci and metabolic profiling using LC-HRMS. Irrespective of ploidy and taxonomy, tubers of these genotypes fell into three groups: yellow-fleshed, characterized by high levels of epoxy-xanthophylls and xanthophyll esters and by the presence of at least one copy of a dominant allele of the β-Carotene Hydroxylase 2 (CHY2) gene; white-fleshed, characterized by low carotenoid levels and by the presence of recessive chy2 alleles; and orange-fleshed, characterized by high levels of zeaxanthin but low levels of xanthophyll esters, and homozygosity for a Zeaxanthin Epoxidase (ZEP) recessive allele. Novel CHY2 and ZEP alleles were identified in the collection. Multivariate analysis identified several groups of co-regulated non-polar compounds, and resulted in the grouping of the genotypes according to flesh color, suggesting that extensive cross-talk exists between the carotenoid pathway and other metabolite pathways in tubers. Postharvest traits like tuber dormancy and weight loss during storage showed little correlation with tuber carotenoid content, with the exception of zeaxanthin and its esters. Other tuber metabolites, such as glucose, monogalactosyldiacyglycerol (a glycolipid), or suberin precursors, showed instead significant correlations with both traits.