The effect of platelet-rich plasma on osseous healing in dogs undergoing high tibial osteotomy

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 12; no. 5; p. e0177597
• Main Authors: Franklin, Samuel P, Burke, Emily E, Holmes, Shannon P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 16.05.2017; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Age composition; Animals; Anterior cruciate ligament; Biocompatibility; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomedical materials; Bone and Bones - diagnostic imaging; Bone and Bones - pathology; Bone cells; Bone healing; Bones; Calcium; Calcium chloride; Care and treatment; Covariance; Dog Diseases - diagnostic imaging; Dog Diseases - pathology; Dog Diseases - therapy; Dogs; Enrollments; Female; Growth factors; Healing; Health aspects; Knee; Magnetic resonance imaging; Medicine and Health Sciences; Multimodal Imaging; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Osteotomy; Pets; Plasma; Plasmas (physics); Platelet-Rich Plasma; Platelets; Radiography; Randomization; Research and Analysis Methods; Rupture; Studies; Surgery; Surgical implants; Thrombin; Tissue engineering; Titanium; Titanium base alloys; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasound; Veterinary medicine; Wound Healing; United States > US; Georgia
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177597

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether platelet-rich plasma (PRP) enhances osseous healing in conjunction with a high tibial osteotomy in dogs. Randomized controlled trial. Sixty-four client-owned pet dogs with naturally occurring rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament and that were to be treated with a high tibial osteotomy (tibial plateau leveling osteotomy) were randomized into the treatment or control group. Dogs in the treatment group received autologous platelet-rich plasma activated with calcium chloride and bovine thrombin to produce a well-formed PRP gel that was placed into the osteotomy at the time of surgery. Dogs in the control group received saline lavage of the osteotomy. All dogs had the osteotomy stabilized with identical titanium alloy implants and all aspects of the surgical procedure and post-operative care were identical among dogs of the two groups. Bone healing was assessed at exactly 28, 49, and 70 days after surgery with radiography and ultrasonography and with MRI at day 28. The effect of PRP on bone healing was assessed using a repeated measures analysis of covariance with radiographic and ultrasonographic data and using a t-test with the MRI data. Sixty dogs completed the study. There were no significant differences in age, weight, or gender distribution between the treatment and control groups. Twenty-seven dogs were treated with PRP and 33 were in the control group. The average platelet concentration of the PRP was 1.37x106 platelets/μL (±489x103) with a leukocyte concentration of 5.45x103/μL (±3.5x103). All dogs demonstrated progressive healing over time and achieved clinically successful outcomes. Time since surgery and patient age were significant predictors of radiographic healing and time since surgery was a significant predictor of ultrasonographic assessment of healing. There was no significant effect of PRP treatment as assessed radiographically, ultrasonographically, or with MRI. The PRP used in this study did not hasten osseous union in dogs treated with a high tibial osteotomy.