In vitro growth of Curcuma longa L. in response to five mineral elements and plant density in fed-batch culture systems

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 10; no. 4; p. e0118912
• Main Authors: El-Hawaz, Rabia F, Bridges, William C, Adelberg, Jeffrey W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 01.04.2015; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Batch Cell Culture Techniques; Batch culture; Biomass; Buds; Buffers; Curcuma - drug effects; Curcuma - growth & development; Curcuma longa; Design optimization; Dietary minerals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Environmental science; Experimental design; Fed batch; Fed-batch culture; Formulations; Liquid culture; Micropropagation; Minerals - pharmacology; Multiplication; Nitrates; Nutrient concentrations; Nutrients; Nutrition; Plant Shoots - drug effects; Plant Shoots - growth & development; Planting density; Propagation; Rhizome - drug effects; Rhizome - growth & development; Sucrose; Sucrose - pharmacology; Sugar; Water - pharmacology
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118912

Plant density was varied with P, Ca, Mg, and KNO3 in a multifactor experiment to improve Curcuma longa L. micropropagation, biomass and microrhizome development in fed-batch liquid culture. The experiment had two paired D-optimal designs, testing sucrose fed-batch and nutrient sucrose fed-batch techniques. When sucrose became depleted, volume was restored to 5% m/v sucrose in 200 ml of modified liquid MS medium by adding sucrose solutions. Similarly, nutrient sucrose fed-batch was restored to set points with double concentration of treatments' macronutrient and MS micronutrient solutions, along with sucrose solutions. Changes in the amounts of water and sucrose supplementations were driven by the interaction of P and KNO3 concentrations. Increasing P from 1.25 to 6.25 mM increased both multiplication and biomass. The multiplication ratio was greatest in the nutrient sucrose fed-batch technique with the highest level of P, 6 buds/vessel, and the lowest level of Ca and KNO3. The highest density (18 buds/vessel) produced the highest fresh biomass at the highest concentrations of KNO3 and P with nutrient sucrose fed-batch, and moderate Ca and Mg concentrations. However, maximal rhizome dry biomass required highest P, sucrose fed-batch, and a moderate plant density. Different media formulations and fed-batch techniques were identified to maximize the propagation and storage organ responses. A single experimental design was used to optimize these dual purposes.