Intake of Gnetum africanum and Dacryodes edulis, imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant status and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in central Africans

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 7; no. 12; p. e49411
• Main Authors: Moise, Mvitu-Muaka, Benjamin, Longo-Mbenza, Etienne, Mokondjimobe, Thierry, Gombet, Ndembe Dalida, Kibokela, Doris, Tulomba Mona, Samy, Wayiza Masamba
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 03.12.2012; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Africa, Central - epidemiology; Aged; Albumin; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Ascorbic acid; Biomarkers; Burseraceae; Case-Control Studies; Dacryodes edulis; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic retinopathy; Diabetic Retinopathy - blood; Diabetic Retinopathy - epidemiology; Female; Food; Fruits; Gnetum; Gnetum africanum; Health sciences; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Male; Medical research; Medicine; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Oxidants - blood; Oxidative stress; Patients; Prevalence; Proteins; Retinopathy; Rodents; Serum albumin; Sociodemographics; Studies; Type 2 diabetes; Vegetables; Vitamin C; Vitamins; Africa, Central; Central Africa
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049411

To estimate the prevalence of DR and to correlate cardiometabolic, sociodemographic, and oxidant/antioxidant imbalance data to the prevalence of DR. This case-control study included type 2 DM (T2 DM) patients with DR (n = 66), T2 DM patients without DR (N = 84), and healthy controls (n = 45) without DR, in Kinshasa town. Diet, albuminemia, serum vitamins, and 8-isoprostane were examined. No intake of safou (OR = 2.7 95% CI 1.2-5.8; P = 0.014), low serum albumin <4.5 g/dL (OR-2.9 95% CI 1.4-5.9; P = 0.003), no intake of fumbwa (OR = 2.8 95% CI 1.2-6.5; P = 0.014), high 8-isoprostane (OR = 14.3 95% CI 4.5-46; P<0.0001), DM duration ≥ 5 years (OR = 3.8 95% CI 1.6-9.1; P = 0.003), and low serum vitamin C (OR = 4.5 95% CI 1.3-15.5; P = 0.016) were identified as the significant independent determinants of DR. The important role of oxidant/antioxidant status imbalance and diet is demonstrated in DR.