Cardiovascular risk in subjects over 55 years of age and cognitive performance after five years. NEDICES2-RISK study. Study protocol

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 17; no. 11; p. e0274589
• Main Authors: Tapias-Merino, Ester, De Hoyos-Alonso, María Del Canto, Contador-Castillo, Israel, Rodríguez-Sánchez, Emiliano, Sanz-Cuesta, Teresa, Becerro-Muñoz, Concepción María, Hernández-Gallego, Jesús, Vega-Quiroga, Saturio, Bermejo-Pareja, Félix
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 28.11.2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Age; Aged; Alzheimer's disease; Analysis; Biobanks; Biology and Life Sciences; Bivariate analysis; Blood pressure; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Chronic illnesses; Clinical trials; Cognition; Cognitive ability; Complications and side effects; Dementia; Dementia disorders; Demographic variables; Demographics; Demography; Dependent variables; Design factors; Diabetes; Diagnosis; Disease prevention; Economic impact; Exercise; Health aspects; Health risks; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Hypertension; Impact analysis; Impairment; Medicine and Health Sciences; Multivariate analysis; Neurological disorders; Neuropsychology; Obesity; Observational Studies as Topic; Population; Prevention; Prospective Studies; Questionnaires; Risk; Risk Factors; Social Sciences; Sociodemographics; Statistical analysis; Study Protocol; Tobacco; Spain; Europe
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274589

Cognitive impairment and dementia have a high prevalence among the elderly and cause significant socio-economic impact. Any progress in their prevention can benefit millions of people. Current data indicate that cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors increase the risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia. Using models to calculate CVR specific for the Spanish population can be useful for estimating the risk of cognitive deterioration since research on this topic is limited and predicting this risk is mainly based on outcomes in the Anglo-Saxon population. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between CVR in the Spanish population, as calculated using the FRESCO (Función de Riesgo Española de acontecimientos Coronarios y Otros) and REGICOR (Registre Gironí del Cor) CVR tables, and the change in cognitive performance at a 5-year follow-up. Design: Observational, analytic, prospective cohort study, with a 5-year follow-up. Ambit: Population. Population: Subjects 55 to 74 years of age, included in the NEDICES2 (2014-2017) cohort, who did not present dementia and had undergone the neuropsychological evaluation (N = 962). Variables: Exposure factors (CVR factors and estimated risk according to the CVR predictors by REGICOR and FRESCO), dependent variables (change in the score of the brief neuropsychological test in the study NEDICES2 five years after the first evaluation), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: Analysis of data quality. Descriptive analysis: socio-demographic and clinical variables of subjects. Bivariate analysis: relationship between basal CVR and change in neuropsychological tests. Multivariate analysis: relationship between basal CVR and change in neuropsychological tests adjusted by co-variables. Analysis and comparison of the reliable change in independent samples. The Spanish population can benefit from determining if individuals with high CVR, which is commonly detected in usual clinical practice, will present decreased cognitive performance compared to subjects with lower CVR. This study can affect how to address CVR factors and the design of effective prevention strategies for cognitive deterioration. Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03925844.