ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae: occurrence, risk factors for fecal carriage and strain traits in the Swiss slaughter cattle population younger than 2 years sampled at abattoir level

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 8; no. 8; p. e71725
• Main Authors: Reist, Martin, Geser, Nadine, Hächler, Herbert, Schärrer, Sara, Stephan, Roger
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 20.08.2013; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Abattoirs; Acids; Agriculture; Amides; Ampicillin; Animal Husbandry; Animal populations; Animals; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Beef cattle; Beta lactamases; beta-Lactamases - biosynthesis; Biology; Bovidae; Cattle; Cefepime; Cefotaxime; Cefoxitin; Cefpodoxime; Ceftazidime; Cefuroxime; Cephalothin; Citrobacter; Drug resistance; E coli; Enterobacter cloacae; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriaceae - enzymology; Enterobacteriaceae - isolation & purification; Enterobacteriaceae Infections - epidemiology; Escherichia coli; Feces - microbiology; Food safety; Health care; Humans; Hygiene; Lactams; Logistic Models; Medical research; Medicine; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Milk; Multivariate Analysis; Population; Prevalence; Primary production; Public health; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Shedding; Slaughter; Switzerland - epidemiology; Veterinary medicine; Veterinary Science; β Lactamase; β-Lactam antibiotics; Switzerland; United States > US
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071725

During the past decade extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae have become a matter of great concern in human and veterinary medicine. In this cross-sectional study fecal swabs of a geographically representative number of Swiss cattle at slaughterhouse level were sampled i) to determine the occurrence of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae in the Swiss slaughter cattle population younger than 2 years, and ii) to assess risk factors for shedding ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae. In total, 48 (8.4%; 95% C.I. 6.3-11.1%) independent ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae were detected among the 571 tested animals. Species identification revealed 46 E. coli strains, one Enterobacter cloacae and one Citrobacter youngae. In view of beta-lactam antibiotics, all 48 isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin and cefpodoxime. Forty-five (93.8%) isolates were resistant cefuroxime; one (2.1%) isolate to cefoxitin, 28 (58.3%) isolates to cefotaxime, 2 (4.2%) isolates to ceftazidime, and 2 (4.2%) isolates to cefepime. Risk factors for shedding ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae were (i) age (OR 0.19 and 0.12 in age category 181 d to 1 y and 1 y to 2 y compared to ≤180 d), (ii) primary production type, meaning dairy compared to beef on farm of origin (OR 5.95), and (iii) more than 1 compared to less than 1 animal movement per d per 100 animals on farm of origin (OR 2.37).