Source Memory for Mental Imagery: Influences of the Stimuli's Ease of Imagery

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 10; no. 11; p. e0143694
• Main Authors: Krefeld-Schwalb, Antonia, Ellis, Andrew W, Oswald, Margit E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 25.11.2015; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Bayes Theorem; Bayesian analysis; Bias; Birds; Butterflies; Butterflies & moths; Cognition & reasoning; Cognitive ability; Experimental psychology; Humans; Imagery; Imagery (Psychology); Imagination; Insects; Memory; Models, Theoretical; Monitoring; Photic Stimulation; Pictures; Quantitative psychology; Recognition (Psychology); Similarity; Stimuli; Stimuli (Psychology); Students; Symmetry; Visual perception; Switzerland
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143694

The present study investigated how ease of imagery influences source monitoring accuracy. Two experiments were conducted in order to examine how ease of imagery influences the probability of source confusions of perceived and imagined completions of natural symmetric shapes. The stimuli consisted of binary pictures of natural objects, namely symmetric pictures of birds, butterflies, insects, and leaves. The ease of imagery (indicating the similarity of the sources) and the discriminability (indicating the similarity of the items) of each stimulus were estimated in a pretest and included as predictors of the memory performance for these stimuli. It was found that confusion of the sources becomes more likely when the imagery process was relatively easy. However, if the different processes of source monitoring-item memory, source memory and guessing biases-are disentangled, both experiments support the assumption that the effect of decreased source memory for easily imagined stimuli is due to decision processes and misinformation at retrieval rather than encoding processes and memory retention. The data were modeled with a Bayesian hierarchical implementation of the one high threshold source monitoring model.