In situ optical mapping of voltage and calcium in the heart

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 7; no. 8; p. e42562
• Main Authors: Lee, Peter, Taghavi, Fouad, Yan, Ping, Ewart, Paul, Ashley, Euan A, Loew, Leslie M, Kohl, Peter, Bollensdorff, Christian, Woods, Christopher E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 02.08.2012; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Animals; Arrhythmia; Atrial Fibrillation - diagnosis; Atrial Fibrillation - metabolism; Atrial Fibrillation - physiopathology; Biology; Calcium; Calcium - metabolism; Calcium channels (voltage-gated); Cameras; Cardiac arrhythmia; Cardiac Imaging Techniques; Catheters; Data acquisition; Diagnostic systems; Dyes; Electric potential; Electrophysiology; Endoscopy; Feasibility studies; Female; Health aspects; Heart; Heart - physiology; Heart diseases; I.R. radiation; In vivo methods and tests; Light emitting diodes; Male; Mapping; Medical instruments; Medicine; Membrane Potentials - physiology; Molecular Imaging; Myocardium - metabolism; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Rodents; Substrates; Veins & arteries; Visualization; Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging; California; United Kingdom > UK; United States > US; Connecticut
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042562

Electroanatomic mapping the interrelation of intracardiac electrical activation with anatomic locations has become an important tool for clinical assessment of complex arrhythmias. Optical mapping of cardiac electrophysiology combines high spatiotemporal resolution of anatomy and physiological function with fast and simultaneous data acquisition. If applied to the clinical setting, this could improve both diagnostic potential and therapeutic efficacy of clinical arrhythmia interventions. The aim of this study was to explore this utility in vivo using a rat model. To this aim, we present a single-camera imaging and multiple light-emitting-diode illumination system that reduces economic and technical implementation hurdles to cardiac optical mapping. Combined with a red-shifted calcium dye and a new near-infrared voltage-sensitive dye, both suitable for use in blood-perfused tissue, we demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo multi-parametric imaging of the mammalian heart. Our approach combines recording of electrophysiologically-relevant parameters with observation of structural substrates and is adaptable, in principle, to trans-catheter percutaneous approaches.