Multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi derived from nonhuman primates in southwest China

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 12; no. 5; p. e0176926
• Main Authors: Zhong, Zhijun, Li, Wei, Deng, Lei, Song, Yuan, Wu, Kongju, Tian, Yinan, Huang, Xiangming, Hu, Yanchun, Fu, Hualin, Geng, Yi, Ren, Zhihua, Peng, Guangneng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 12.05.2017; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; AIDS; Analysis; Animals; Antiretroviral therapy; Baboons; Biodiversity; Biology and life sciences; Breeding; China; Cholangitis; Cholecystitis; Chromates; Collection; Computer and Information Sciences; Cryptosporidium; Diarrhea; Disease transmission; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - genetics; Domestic animals; Downloading; Enteritis; Enterococcal infections; Enterocytozoon - classification; Enterocytozoon - genetics; Environmental monitoring; Format; Genetic aspects; Genetic diversity; Genetic Variation - genetics; Genotype; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Genotyping; Habituation; Habituation (learning); Health aspects; High resolution; HIV; Host specificity; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Medicine; Medicine and Health Sciences; Microsporidia; Microsporidiosis; Microsporidiosis - microbiology; Microsporidiosis - transmission; Monkeys & apes; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Parasites; Parasitic diseases; Pathogens; People and Places; Phylogeny; Pneumonia; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Primates; Primates - microbiology; Public health; Research and Analysis Methods; Rhinitis; Risk factors; Tubes; Vectors; Veterinary medicine; Viruses; Wildlife; Zoological gardens; Zoonoses; Zoonoses - microbiology; China
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176926

Enterocytozoon bieneusi has been increasingly reported in non-human primates (NHPs) in recent years, and this has garnered attention. However, reports of E. bieneusi infections in NHPs are limited worldwide. To appreciate the genetic diversity and assess the zoonotic potential during the transmission of human microsporidiosis, we examined a total of 369 fecal samples from NHPs and performed PCR amplification of the ITS gene of E. bieneusi. An infection rate of 12.5% (46/369) was detected in NHPs, with three known genotypes (D, PigEBITS7, and SC02) and a novel genotype (SCM01) characterized. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all four genotypes in our study were classified as zoonotic group 1. Multilocus genotyping of positive E. bieneusi strains revealed that 36, 37, 30, and 29 specimens were successfully amplified and sequenced to generate 16, six, four, and five types of MS1, MS3, MS4, and MS7 loci, respectively. Twenty-four specimens were successfully amplified and sequenced at all four loci, forming 13 multilocus genotypes (MLGs). The occurrence of zoonotic genotypes suggests that zoonotic transmission of E. bieneusi between humans and NHPs has probably occurred and NHPs could be a source of human microspordiosis.