Effect of a brief intervention for alcohol and illicit drug use on trauma recidivism in a cohort of trauma patients

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 12; no. 8; p. e0182441
• Main Authors: Cordovilla-Guardia, Sergio, Fernández-Mondéjar, Enrique, Vilar-López, Raquel, Navas, Juan F, Portillo-Santamaría, Mónica, Rico-Martín, Sergio, Lardelli-Claret, Pablo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 16.08.2017; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Addictive behaviors; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol use; Alcohols; Behavior; Biology and Life Sciences; Brain injuries; Cohort Studies; Complications and side effects; Data analysis; Data processing; Drug abuse; Drug use; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health care; Hospitalization; Humans; Impulsivity; Incidence; Injuries; Intervention; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Nursing; Occupational therapy; Patients; Physical Sciences; Preventive medicine; Primary care; Public health; Recidivism; Retrospective Studies; Risk factors; Severity of Illness Index; Spain - epidemiology; Street Drugs; Studies; Trauma; Trauma Centers; Wounds and Injuries - diagnosis; Wounds and Injuries - epidemiology; Wounds and Injuries - etiology; Spain
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182441

Estimate the effectiveness of brief interventions in reducing trauma recidivism in hospitalized trauma patients who screened positive for alcohol and/or illicit drug use. Dynamic cohort study based on registry data from 1818 patients included in a screening and brief intervention program for alcohol and illicit drug use for hospitalized trauma patients. Three subcohorts emerged from the data analysis: patients who screened negative, those who screened positive and were offered brief intervention, and those who screened positive and were not offered brief intervention. Follow-up lasted from 10 to 52 months. Trauma-free survival, adjusted hazard rate ratios (aHRR) and adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) were calculated, and complier average causal effect (CACE) analysis was used. We found a higher cumulative risk of trauma recidivism in the subcohort who screened positive. In this subcohort, an aHRR of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.41-0.95) was obtained for the group offered brief intervention compared to the group not offered intervention. CACE analysis yielded an estimated 52% reduction in trauma recidivism associated with the brief intervention. The brief intervention offered during hospitalization in trauma patients positive for alcohol and/or illicit drug use can halve the incidence of trauma recidivism.