Evaluation of Non-Invasive Multispectral Imaging as a Tool for Measuring the Effect of Systemic Therapy in Kaposi Sarcoma

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 8; no. 12; p. e83887
• Main Authors: Kainerstorfer, Jana M., Polizzotto, Mark N., Uldrick, Thomas S., Rahman, Rafa, Hassan, Moinuddin, Najafizadeh, Laleh, Ardeshirpour, Yasaman, Wyvill, Kathleen M., Aleman, Karen, Smith, Paul D., Yarchoan, Robert, Gandjbakhche, Amir H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 27.12.2013; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Adult; AIDS; Angiogenesis; Antineoplastic agents; Blood; Blood levels; Blood volume; Blood Volume - drug effects; Cancer; Childrens health; Engineering; Evaluation; Growth factors; Herpes viruses; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Imaging; Kaposi's sarcoma; Kaposis sarcoma; Lesions; Measurement; Medicine; Middle Aged; Molecular Imaging; Oxygen - metabolism; Oxygenation; Principal Component Analysis; Principal components analysis; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Kaposi - drug therapy; Sarcoma, Kaposi - metabolism; Sarcoma, Kaposi - physiopathology; Skin; Skin diseases; Skin Neoplasms - drug therapy; Skin Neoplasms - metabolism; Skin Neoplasms - physiopathology; Spectra; Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Vitiligo; United States > US; Maryland
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083887

Diffuse multi-spectral imaging has been evaluated as a potential non-invasive marker of tumor response. Multi-spectral images of Kaposi sarcoma skin lesions were taken over the course of treatment, and blood volume and oxygenation concentration maps were obtained through principal component analysis (PCA) of the data. These images were compared with clinical and pathological responses determined by conventional means. We demonstrate that cutaneous lesions have increased blood volume concentration and that changes in this parameter are a reliable indicator of treatment efficacy, differentiating responders and non-responders. Blood volume decreased by at least 20% in all lesions that responded by clinical criteria and increased in the two lesions that did not respond clinically. Responses as assessed by multi-spectral imaging also generally correlated with overall patient clinical response assessment, were often detectable earlier in the course of therapy, and are less subject to observer variability than conventional clinical assessment. Tissue oxygenation was more variable, with lesions often showing decreased oxygenation in the center surrounded by a zone of increased oxygenation. This technique could potentially be a clinically useful supplement to existing response assessment in KS, providing an early, quantitative, and non-invasive marker of treatment effect.