Rediscovery of the Threatened River Sharks, Glyphis garricki and G. glyphis, in Papua New Guinea

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 10; no. 10; p. e0140075
• Main Authors: White, William T, Appleyard, Sharon A, Sabub, Benthly, Kyne, Peter M, Harris, Mark, Lis, Rickson, Baje, Leontine, Usu, Thomas, Smart, Jonathan J, Corrigan, Shannon, Yang, Lei, Naylor, Gavin J P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 07.10.2015; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adults; Animals; Australia; Biodiversity; Biology; Carcharhinidae; Carcharhiniformes; Coastal waters; Dentition; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Diet; DNA; DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics; Endangered & extinct species; Endangered Species; Female; Females; Fish; Fisheries; Fishing; Genetic analysis; Glyphis; Glyphis glyphis; Identification and classification; Male; Males; Mitochondrial DNA; New records; Orectolobiformes; Papua New Guinea; Pregnancy; Reproduction; River ecology; Rivers; Sharks; Sharks - anatomy & histology; Sharks - genetics; Sharks - physiology; Species; Teeth; Australia; Papua New Guinea; Gulf of Papua; United States > US; South Carolina; Tasmania Australia
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140075

Recent surveys of the shark and ray catches of artisanal fishers in the Western Province of Papua New Guinea (PNG) resulted in the rediscovery of the threatened river sharks, Glyphis garricki and Glyphis glyphis. These represent the first records of both species in PNG since the 1960s and 1970s and highlight the lack of studies of shark biodiversity in PNG. Two individuals of G. garricki and three individuals of G. glyphis were recorded from coastal marine waters of the Daru region of PNG in October and November 2014. The two G. garricki specimens were small individuals estimated to be 100-105 cm and ~113 cm total length (TL). The three G. glyphis specimens were all mature, one a pregnant female and two adult males. These are the first adults of G. glyphis recorded to date providing a more accurate maximum size for this species, i.e. ~260 cm TL. A single pup which was released from the pregnant female G. glyphis, was estimated to be ~65 cm TL. Anecdotal information from the fishers of pregnant females of G. glyphis containing 6 or 7 pups provides the first estimate of litter size for this species. The jaws of the pregnant female G. glyphis were retained and a detailed description of the dentition is provided, since adult dentition has not been previously documented for this species. Genetic analyses confirmed the two species cluster well within samples from these species collected in northern Australia.