Associations between infant and maternal characteristics measured at child age 5 months and maternal feeding styles and practices up to child age two years

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 17; no. 1; p. e0261222
• Main Authors: Helle, Christine, Hillesund, Elisabet R, Øverby, Nina C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 07.01.2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Age; Biology and Life Sciences; Body Weight; Breastfeeding & lactation; Child Behavior; Child, Preschool; Children; Children & youth; Cross-Sectional Studies; Eating behavior; Feeding; Feeding behavior; Feeding Behavior - physiology; Feeding Behavior - psychology; Female; Food; Health aspects; Health care; Humans; Hunger; Infant; Infants; Influence; Male; Maternal Behavior - psychology; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mental health; Mothers; Mothers - psychology; Norway; Nutrition research; Obesity; Obesity in children; Overweight; Parenting; Parenting - psychology; Parents & parenting; Pediatric Obesity - prevention & control; Pediatric research; People and Places; Population studies; Population-based studies; Prevention; Public health; Questionnaires; Regression analysis; Regression models; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Social Sciences; Surveys; Surveys and Questionnaires; Translations; Norway
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261222

Facilitating positive feeding practices from infancy may be an important strategy to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Since the feeding situation early in life constitutes a bidirectional relationship, it is important to understand the impact of both maternal and infant characteristics on maternal feeding practices to intervene in a customized and tailored way. Few studies have concurrently examined associations between maternal and infant characteristics in relation to early maternal feeding practices. The aim of the present study was to explore potential associations between infant and maternal characteristics measured at child age five months, and maternal feeding styles and practices during the child's first two years. Cross-sectional data from a Norwegian randomized controlled trial in which participants responded to questionnaires at child age 5 months (n = 474), 12 months (n = 293) and 24 months (n = 185) were used to explore potential associations. All maternal and child predictor variables were collected at child age five months. Maternal feeding styles and practices were mapped using subscales from the Infant Feeding Questionnaire at child age 5 and 12 months and the Child Feeding Questionnaire and the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire at child age 24 months. The subscale-scores were split into roughly equal tertiles, and the upper or lower tertile for the outcome of interest were used to create binary outcome variables. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were conducted for each outcome. We found that maternal education and mental health symptoms as well as infant weight, temperament and feeding mode were associated with maternal feeding styles and practices over time. Our findings indicate that risk factors which may have long-term implications for child weight and health outcomes can be identified early. Larger, population-based studies with a longitudinal design are needed to further explore these pathways.