Optimized extraction of polyphenolic antioxidants from the leaves of Himalayan Oak species

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 16; no. 11; p. e0259350
• Main Authors: Pandey, Aseesh, Belwal, Tarun, Tamta, Sushma, Rawal, Ranbeer S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 03.11.2021; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Antimicrobial agents; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - isolation & purification; Biology and Life Sciences; Catechin; Catechin - isolation & purification; Chemical properties; Chromatography; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cost recovery; Design factors; Extraction (Chemistry); Gallic acid; Gallic Acid - isolation & purification; Heat; High performance liquid chromatography; Hot Temperature; India; Liquid chromatography; Methods; Oak; Organic chemicals; Pharmaceutical industry; Phenols; Physical Sciences; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Polyphenols; Polyphenols - chemistry; Polyphenols - isolation & purification; Properties; Quercus; Quercus - chemistry; Research and Analysis Methods; Response surface methodology; Solvents; Species; India
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259350

In this study heat-assisted extraction conditions were optimized to enhance extraction yield of antioxidant polyphenols from leaves of Himalayan Quercus species. In initial experiments, a five-factor Plackett-Burman design including 12 experimental runs was tested against the total polyphenolic content (TP). Amongst, X A : extraction temperature, X C : solvent concentration and X E : sample-to-solvent ratio had shown significant influence on yield. These influential factors were further subject to a three-factor-three-level Box-Wilson Central Composite Design; including 20 experimental runs and 3D response surface methodology plots were used to determine optimum conditions [i.e. X A : (80°C), X C :(87%), X E : (1g/40ml)].This optimized condition was further used in other Quercus species of western Himalaya, India. The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed occurrence of 12 polyphenols in six screened Quercus species with the highest concentration of catechin followed by gallic acid. Amongest, Q . franchetii and Q . serrata shared maximum numbers of polyphenolic antioxidants (8 in each). This optimized extraction condition of Quercus species can be utilized for precise quantification of polyphenols and their use in pharmaceutical industries as a potential substitute of synthetic polyphenols.