The osteogenic potential of mesoporous bioglasses/silk and non-mesoporous bioglasses/silk scaffolds in ovariectomized rats: in vitro and in vivo evaluation

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 8; no. 11; p. e81014
• Main Authors: Cheng, Ning, Wang, Yuanqin, Zhang, Yufeng, Shi, Bin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 12.11.2013; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Acid phosphatase; Acid phosphatase (tartrate-resistant); Acid resistance; Animals; Biocompatibility; Bioglass; Biological activity; Biological products; Biomarkers - metabolism; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Bone growth; Bone Regeneration - physiology; Cell adhesion; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Ceramics - chemistry; Cholecystokinin; Collagen; Composite materials; Defects; Differentiation (biology); Disease Models, Animal; Education; Female; Healing; Health aspects; Hospitals; Immunohistochemistry; Laboratories; Mesenchymal stem cells; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - cytology; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism; Metabolism; Osteoclasts; Osteogenesis; Osteogenesis - physiology; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis - metabolism; Osteoporosis - pathology; Ovariectomy; Phosphatases; Porosity; Rankings; Rats; Regeneration; Scaffolds; Science; Silk; Silk - chemistry; Staining; Stem cells; Tissue engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; United States > US; China
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081014

Silk-based scaffolds have been introduced to bone tissue regeneration for years, however, their local therapeutic efficiency in bone metabolic disease condition has been seldom reported. According to our previous report, mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG)/silk scaffolds exhibits superior in vitro bioactivity and in vivo osteogenic properties compared to non-mesoporous bioactive glass (BG)/silk scaffolds, but no information could be found about their efficiency in osteoporotic (OVX) environment. This study investigated a biomaterial-based approach for improving MSCs behavior in vitro, and accelerating OVX defect healing by using 3D BG/silk and MBG/silk scaffolds, and pure silk scaffolds as control. The results of SEM, CCK-8 assay and quantitative ALP activity showed that MBG/silk scaffolds can improve attachment, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of both O-MSCs and sham control. In vivo therapeutic efficiency was evaluated by μCT analysis, hematoxylin and eosin staining, safranin O staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, indicating accelerated bone formation with compatible scaffold degradation and reduced osteoclastic response of defect healing in OVX rats after 2 and 4 weeks treatment, with a rank order of MBG/silk > BG/silk > silk group. Immunohistochemical markers of COL I, OPN, BSP and OCN also revealed that MBG/silk scaffolds can better induce accelerated collagen and non-collagen matrix production. The findings of this study suggest that MBG/silk scaffolds provide a better environment for cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation, and act as potential substitute for treating local osteoporotic defects.