Persistence of the oral probiotic Streptococcus salivarius M18 is dose dependent and megaplasmid transfer can augment their bacteriocin production and adhesion characteristics
Bacteriocin-producing probiotic Streptococcus salivarius M18 offers beneficial modulatory capabilities within the oral microbiome, apparently through potent inhibitory activity against potentially deleterious bacteria, such as Streptococcus pyogenes. The oral cavity persistence of S. salivarius M18...
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Published in | PloS one Vol. 8; no. 6; p. e65991 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
13.06.2013
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Bacteriocin-producing probiotic Streptococcus salivarius M18 offers beneficial modulatory capabilities within the oral microbiome, apparently through potent inhibitory activity against potentially deleterious bacteria, such as Streptococcus pyogenes. The oral cavity persistence of S. salivarius M18 was investigated in 75 subjects receiving four different doses for 28 days. Sixty per cent of the subjects already had some inhibitor-producing S. salivarius in their saliva prior to probiotic intervention. Strain M18's persistence was dependent upon the dose, but not the period of administration. Culture analysis indicated that in some individuals the introduced strain had almost entirely replaced the indigenous S. salivarius, though the total numbers of the species did not increase. Selected subjects showing either high or low probiotic persistence had their salivary populations profiled using Illumina sequencing of the V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Analysis indicated that while certain bacterial phenotypes were markedly modulated, the overall composition of the oral microbiome was not modified by the probiotic treatment. Megaplasmids encoding bacteriocins and adhesion factors were transferred in vitro to generate a transconjugant S. salivarius exhibiting enhanced antimicrobial production and binding capabilities to HEp-2 cells. Since no widespread perturbation of the existing indigenous microbiota was associated with oral instillation and given its antimicrobial activity against potentially pathogenic streptococci, it appears that application of probiotic strain M18 offers potential low impact alternative to classical antibiotic prophylaxis. For candidate probiotic strains having relatively poor antimicrobial or adhesive properties, unique derivatives displaying improved probiotic performance may be engineered in vitro by megaplasmid transfer. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Competing Interests: The corresponding author was a former employee of the company BLIS Technologies Ltd that developed the M18 strain and supplied materials for parts of this study. The corresponding author is not a consultant for the company. JH, PW are current employees and JT is an advisor to this company. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Conceived and designed the experiments: JB PW JM MC KM JH JT GR GG PC. Performed the experiments: JB PW JM MC KM GG PC. Analyzed the data: JB PW JM MC KM JH JT GR GG PC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JB PW JM MC KM JT GR GG PC. Wrote the paper: JB PW JM MC KM JH JT GR GG PC. |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0065991 |