Engineered red blood cells carrying PCSK9 inhibitors persistently lower LDL and prevent obesity
Low plasma levels of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) are associated with decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. PCSK9 binds to the epidermal growth factor-like repeat A (EGFA) domain of LDL receptors (LDLR), very low-density...
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Published in | PloS one Vol. 16; no. 11; p. e0259353 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
03.11.2021
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Low plasma levels of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) are associated with decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. PCSK9 binds to the epidermal growth factor-like repeat A (EGFA) domain of LDL receptors (LDLR), very low-density lipoprotein receptors (VLDLR), apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2), and lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and accelerates their degradation, thus acting as a key regulator of lipid metabolism. Antibody and RNAi-based PCSK9 inhibitor treatments lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular incidents in patients, but their high-cost hampers market penetration. We sought to develop a safe, long-term and one-time solution to treat hyperlipidemia. We created a cDNA encoding a chimeric protein in which the extracellular N- terminus of red blood cells (RBCs) specific glycophorin A was fused to the LDLR EGFA domain and introduced this gene into mouse bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Following transplantation into irradiated mice, the animals produced RBCs with the EGFA domain (EGFA-GPA RBCs) displayed on their surface. These animals showed significantly reduced plasma PCSK9 (66.5% decrease) and reduced LDL levels (40% decrease) for as long as 12 months post-transplantation. Furthermore, the EGFA- GPA mice remained lean for life and maintained normal body weight under a high-fat diet. Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy can generate red blood cells expressing an EGFA-glycophorin A chimeric protein as a practical and long-term strategy for treating chronic hyperlipidemia and obesity. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Current address: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America Competing Interests: H.F.L. and H.L.P. served as scientific advisors and have/had equity in Rubius, a biotechnology company that seeks to exploit engineered red blood cells as therapeutics but does not provide financial support for the technology described in this paper. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Current address: Immunology Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America Current address: Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0259353 |