Subjects develop tolerance to Pru p 3 but respiratory allergy to Pru p 9: A large study group from a peach exposed population

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 16; no. 8; p. e0255305
• Main Authors: Somoza, Maria Luisa, Pérez-Sánchez, Natalia, Victorio-Puche, Laura, Martín-Pedraza, Laura, Esteban Rodríguez, Angel, Blanca-López, Natalia, Abel Fernández González, Eva, Ruano-Zaragoza, María, Prieto-Moreno Pfeifer, Ana, Fernández Caldas, Enrique, Morán Morales, Miriam, Fernández Sánchez, Francisco Javier, López Sánchez, José Damián, Jiménez Rodríguez, Teodorikez Wilfox, Subiza Garrido-Lestache, José Luis, Canto Díez, Gabriela, Blanca Gómez, Miguel, Cornejo-García, José Antonio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 19.08.2021; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Allergens; Allergens - immunology; Allergies; Anaphylaxis; Antibodies; Antigens, Plant - immunology; Biology and Life Sciences; Branches; Exposure; Female; Food; Food allergies; Food allergy; Food hypersensitivity; Food Hypersensitivity - immunology; Food intake; Fruit; Fruit - adverse effects; Fruit - immunology; Fruit trees; Fruits; Gastrointestinal symptoms; Health aspects; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin E - blood; Immunoglobulin E - immunology; Immunological tolerance; Laboratories; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Peach; Plant Proteins - adverse effects; Plant Proteins - immunology; Pollen; Pollen - adverse effects; Pollen - immunology; Population; Population studies; Prunus persica - adverse effects; Prunus persica - immunology; Pulmonary manifestations of general diseases; Respiratory Hypersensitivity - epidemiology; Respiratory Hypersensitivity - etiology; Respiratory Hypersensitivity - immunology; Risk factors; Skin Tests; Social Sciences; Young Adult; Spain; United States > US; Madrid Spain; Europe
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255305

Peach tree allergens are present in fruit, pollen, branches, and leaves, and can induce systemic, respiratory, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal symptoms. We studied the capacity of peach fruit/Pru p 1, Pru p 3, Pru p 4, Pru p 7 and peach pollen/Pru p 9 for inducing symptoms following oral or respiratory exposure in a large group of subjects. We included 716 adults (aged 21 to 83 y.o.) exposed to peach tree pollen and fruit intake in the study population. Participants completed a questionnaire and were skin tested with a panel of inhalant and food allergens, including peach tree pollen, Pru p 9 and peach fruit skin extract. Immunoglobulin E antibodies (SIgE) to Pru p 1, Pru p 3, Pru p 4 and Pru p 7 were quantified. Sensitised subjects underwent oral food challenge with peach fruit and nasal provocation test with peach tree pollen and Pru p 9. The prevalence of sensitisation to peach fruit was 5% and most of these had SIgE to Pru p 3, with a very low proportion to Pru p 4 SIgE and no SIgE to Pru p 1 and Pru p 7. In only 1.8%, anaphylaxis was the clinical entity induced. Cases with positive skin tests to peach and SIgE to Pru p 3 presented a good tolerance after oral challenge with peach fruit. The prevalence of skin sensitisation to peach tree pollen was 22%, with almost half recognising Pru p 9. This induced respiratory symptoms in those evaluated by nasal provocation. In a large population group exposed to peach fruit and peach tree pollen, most individuals were tolerant, even in those with SIgE to Pru p 3. A positive response to Pru p 9 was associated with respiratory allergy.