Evaluation of Prebiotic Effects of High-Purity Galactooligosaccharides in vitro and in vivo

• Published in: Food Technology and Biotechnology Vol. 54; no. 2; p. 156
• Main Authors: Hong, Ki Bae, Kim, Jae Hwan, Kwon, Hyuk Kon, Han, Sung Hee, Park, Yooheon, Suh, Hyung Joo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Croatia Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology - University of Zagreb 01.04.2016; Sveuciliste U Zagrebu; Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Prehramheno-Biotehnoloski Fakultet; University of Zagreb Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology
• Subjects: Bacteria; bifidobacteria; Bifidobacterium bifidum; Biotechnology; Carbon; Carbon sources; Cholesterol; Chromatography; Diet; Fermentation; Food; Food processing and manufacture; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; genes encoding GLP-1 and PYY peptides; Glucose; Health aspects; high-purity galactooligosaccharides; high-purity galactooligosaccharides; bifidobacteria; genes encoding GLP-1 and PYY peptides; Lactose; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Nutrition research; Oligosaccharides; Original Scientific Papers; Prebiotics; Probiotics; pročišćeni galaktooligosaharidi; bifidobakterije; geni koji kodiraju peptide GLP-1 i PYY; Rodents; TP248.13-248.65; TP368-456; Yeast; Yeasts; Yogurt; South Korea; bifidobacteria; high-purity galactooligosaccharides; genes encoding GLP-1 and PYY peptides
• ISSN: 1330-9862; 1334-2606
• DOI: 10.17113/ftb.54.02.16.4292

Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are an important class of dietary prebiotics that exert beneficial effects on intestinal microbiota and gut barrier function. In this study, high-purity GOS (HP-GOS) were investigated and and confirmed as prebiotic ingredients in rat diet. HP-GOS were successfully produced using a two-step process, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation by yeast. They were found to serve as a good substrate and carbon source for supporting the growth of probiotic bacteria more effectively than other commercial GOS. Following administration of 1% (by mass) of HP-GOS to rats, the growth of and in the gut increased most rapidly up to 12 h, and thereafter the increase was slow. Therefore, 1% HP-GOS was found to be acceptable for the growth of probiotic bacteria. Groups of animals that were orally administered HP-GOS and bifidobacteria during the study, and the group administered HP-GOS during the 2nd (days 13-15) and 4th (days 28-30) period of the study had significantly (p<0.05) higher numbers of bifidobacteria in faeces than groups receiving a single dose of bifidobacteria. HP-GOS affected the expression of genes encoding glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY). There was a significant upregulation of GLP-1 and PYY mRNA with HP-GOS and bifidobacteria intake. We propose that the prebiotic properties of HP-GOS are potentially valuable for the production of functional foods for human consumption.