Biological conduits combining bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular matrix to treat long-segment sciatic nerve defects

• Published in: Neural regeneration research Vol. 10; no. 6; pp. 965 - 971
• Main Authors: Wang, Yang, Li, Zheng-Wei, Luo, Min, Li, Ya-Jun, Zhang, Ke-Qiang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01.06.2015; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Department of 0rthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China%Department of 0rthopedics, Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China%Mathematics School, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: 5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride staining; aging; animal model; apoptosis; autologous nerve repair; axon; Basso; Beattie and Bresnahan score; Biomechanics; blood brain barrier; Bone marrow; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; brain concussion; brain injury; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ca 2; CA1 region; calcitonin gene-related peptide; caspase-3; cell therapy; cellular therapy; cerebral ischemia; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury; cerebrum; cognitive function; complications; cortex; creep; curcumin; Defects; delayed neuronal death; diagnosis; dual diagnosis; Eg5; electrophysiology; enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography image; excitatory postsynaptic potential; Extracellular matrix; extracellular matrix gel; ferumoxytol; glial fibrillary acidic protein; glutamate; glutamic acid decarboxylase; grafting; hippocampus; histomorphology; HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop; HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders; human adipose-derived stem cells; hydrogen sulfide; hydrogen-rich saline; immunofluorescence; immunohistochemistry; Injuries; intracerebral injection; kinesin-5; Laboratory animals; long-term potentiation; loss of neurons; magnetic resonance imaging; malondialdehyde; Medical research; Methods; microtubule; middle cerebral artery occlusion; modified neurological severity scores; molecular motor protein; monastrol; MSCs; multiple sclerosis; myogenic differentiation; nanocarrier; nerve regeneration; neural regeneration; neurite outgrowth; neurodegenerative disorders; neuroimaging; neuromuscular junction (NMJ); neurons; neuroplasticity; neuroprotection; neurotoxicity; neurotrophic factor; non-invasive brain stimulation; NSFC grant; NSFC grants; organ index; Ostomy; output/input curve; oxidative stress; P2X 7 receptor; p53 tumor suppressor gene family; paired-pulse facilitation; Patient outcomes; peptide library; peripheral nerve injury; phage display; physiological saline; Physiology; plasticity; Polylactic acid; polylactic glycolic acid conduit; post-concussion syndrome; Precision medicine; protection; Prussian blue staining; pyramidal neurons; Rabbits; rapamycin; rats; reactive oxygen species; regeneration; rehabilitation; Schwann cells; Sciatic nerve; sciatic nerve injury; sodium hydrosulfide; spinal cord injuries; spinal cord injury; Stem cell transplantation; Stem cells; stress relaxation; superoxide dismutase; superparamagnetic iron oxide particles; synaptosome; tail vein injection; targeting; telomere shortening; TGF-β/BMP-7/Smad signaling; transcranial magnetic stimulation; traumatic brain injury; Trf3; tumor suppression; Viscoelasticity; weaning; western blotting; Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway; γ-aminobutyric acid; 凝胶结构; 神经移植; 神经缺损; 细胞外基质; 联合治疗; 聚乳酸-乙醇酸; 节段; 骨髓间充质干细胞; China; extracellular matrix gel; rabbits; sciatic nerve injury; grafting; creep; autologous nerve repair; stress relaxation; polylactic glycolic acid conduit; neural regeneration; electrophysiology; viscoelasticity; nerve regeneration; peripheral nerve injury; histomorphology
• ISSN: 1673-5374; 1876-7958
• DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.158362

The transplantation of polylactic glycolic acid conduits combining bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular matrix gel for the repair of sciatic nerve injury is effective in some respects, but few data comparing the biomechanical factors related to the sciatic nerve are available. In the present study, rabbit models of 10-mm sciatic nerve defects were prepared. The rabbit models were repaired with autologous nerve, a polylactic glycolic acid conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, or a polylactic glycolic acid conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ＋ extracellular matrix gel. After 24 weeks, mechanical testing was performed to determine the stress relaxation and creep parameters. Following sciatic nerve injury, the magnitudes of the stress decrease and strain increase at 7,200 seconds were largest in the polylactic glycolic acid conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ＋ extracellular matrix gel group, followed by the polylactic glycolic acid conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group, and then the autologous nerve group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining demonstrated that compared with the polylactic glycolic acid conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group and the autologous nerve group, a more complete sciatic nerve regeneration was found, including good myelination, regularly arranged nerve fibers, and a completely degraded and resorbed conduit, in the polylactic glycolic acid conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ＋ extracellular matrix gel group. These results indicate that bridging 10-mm conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem sciatic nerve defects with a polylactic glycolic acid cells ＋ extracellular matrix gel construct increases the stress relaxation under a constant strain, reducing anastomotic tension. Large elongations under a constant physiological load can limit the anastomotic opening and shift, which is beneficial for the regeneration and functional reconstruction of sciatic nerve. Better regeneration was found with the polylactic glycolic acid conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ＋ extracellular matrix gel grafts than with the polylactic glycolic acid conduit ＋ bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grafts and the autologous nerve grafts.