Deterioration of modern concrete structures and asphalt pavements by respiratory action and trace quantities of organic matter
In concrete structures (concrete), damage from cracks, deterioration, amorphization, and delamination occur in some structures, causing disaggregation (concrete changed to very fine particles) and hollowing out of the concrete. In concrete pavements, damage from large amounts of pop-out of aggregate...
Saved in:
| Published in | PloS one Vol. 16; no. 5; p. e0249761 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Public Library of Science
13.05.2021
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Summary: | In concrete structures (concrete), damage from cracks, deterioration, amorphization, and delamination occur in some structures, causing disaggregation (concrete changed to very fine particles) and hollowing out of the concrete. In concrete pavements, damage from large amounts of pop-out of aggregate occurs from the surface of the concrete pavement 4-5 hours after spraying of snow melting agent on the surface of the pavement. The damage from disaggregation, blistering, cracks, and peeling-off of a surface course have also been observed in asphalt runways and highways. The damage from disaggregation, cracks and pop-out of aggregate in asphalt pavements and concrete structures have long been seen as strange and unexpected and have defied explanation. As a result of examinations in various experiments, it was concluded that all of the unexplained kinds of damage of both asphalt pavements and concrete structures were caused by Trace Quantities of Organic Matter (TQOM), Air Entrained (AE) water reducing agent in air and/or cement, and surfactant in snow melting agent. The emission sources of TQOM and these organic substances were also identified by chemical analysis for these unexpected and unexplained phenomena. The TQOM includes phthalate compounds (phthalates in the following), amine compounds, phosphate compounds, snow melting agent and Sodium Polyoxyethylene Nonyl phenyl Ether Sulfate (SPNES). SPNES is a surfactant in windshield washer fluid for automobiles. We found that the water content and content of organic matter in damaged asphalt pavements and concrete structures are also important indicators for the damage. Further, a new evaluation method for amorphization was proposed in this study and it appears suitable for evaluating the safety of concrete structures along roads which were exposed to TQOM in severely air-polluted environments. |
|---|---|
| Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Competing Interests: The authors have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Author NM is the technician of CT in Shimadzu Corporation. He contributed the measurement using micro focus CT scanner for specimen of concrete. Author AK had many empirical works in the field works in NIPPO Corporation for asphalt pavements and concrete structures for long years. He contributed the technical discussions for concrete structures. NM and AK have declared that this project does not violate the conflict of interest. MN is a paid employee of Shimadzu Corporation and Dr. AK is a paid employee of Green Consultant Co. Ltd. They have no stocks or shares in both companies and they do not gain or lose financially through publication; consultation fees or other forms of remuneration from organizations that may gain or lose financially; patents or patent applications whose value may be affected by publication. There are no patents, products in development or marketing products to declare. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. These authors also contributed equally to this work |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0249761 |