Improved General and Oral Health in Diabetic Patients by an Okinawan-Based Nordic Diet: A Pilot Study

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 19; no. 7; p. 1949
• Main Authors: Holmer, Helene, Widén, Cecilia, Wallin Bengtsson, Viveca, Coleman, Michael, Wohlfart, Björn, Steen, Stig, Persson, Rutger, Sjöberg, Klas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 03.07.2018; MDPI
• Subjects: Aged; Bleeding; Bleeding on probing; Blood glucose; Clinical Medicine; Clinical study; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Dentistry; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Diet; Endocrinology and Diabetes; Endokrinologi och diabetes; Female; Gingivitis; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism; Health; Hemoglobin; Humans; Insulin; Klinisk medicin; Low density lipoprotein; Male; Medical and Health Sciences; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Metabolic disorder; Middle Aged; Odontologi; Oral Health; Patients; Periodontal disease; Periodontitis; Pilot Projects; Technology assessment; Teeth; Triglycerides; clinical study; oral health; cytokines; diet; bleeding on probing; metabolic disorder
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071949

Periodontal disease, periodontitis as well as the preceding gingivitis, has been associated with both obesity and diabetes. Studies have shown that diet changes can lead to a lower incidence of such inflammation. The aim of the present case series over four weeks was to study the effects on medical and dental conditions in patients with type 2 diabetes of the consumption of the Okinawan-based Nordic Diet (OBND ). Medical and dental examinations were performed to estimate the general health and gingivitis/periodontitis. Serum cytokine levels were assessed using Luminex technology. Eight of ten study participants completed the study. All participants lost weight ( = 0.012). Six out of seven that were treated with insulin could reduce their insulin intake after two weeks with OBND . The reduction was about 16 units which corresponds to a 34% relative reduction compared to the starting point (range 15–63%). Fasting blood glucose values fell ( = 0.035). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ( = 0.01), triglycerides ( = 0.05), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ( = 0.05) were also reduced. Bleeding on probing changed from ~28% before any dietary changes to ~13% after two weeks with OBND ( = 0.01). The reduction in gingival bleeding was as substantial as might be expected from one session of professional tooth cleaning. Markers of inflammation were also reduced. The OBND thus showed significant promise in alleviating the impact of diabetes on dental as well as general health.