An enhanced individual placement and support (IPS) intervention based on the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO); a prospective cohort study

• Published in: BMC psychiatry Vol. 20; no. 1; p. 361
• Main Authors: Prior, Susan, Maciver, Donald, Aas, Randi W, Kirsh, Bonnie, Lexen, Annika, van Niekerk, Lana, Irvine Fitzpatrick, Linda, Forsyth, Kirsty
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central 08.07.2020; BMC
• Subjects: Clinical Medicine; Cohort analysis; Datasets; Employment; Employment, Supported; Enhanced Individual Placement & Support; Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi; Health Sciences; Humans; Hälsovetenskap; Intervention; Klinisk medicin; Medical and Health Sciences; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Mental disorders; Mental Disorders - therapy; Meta-analysis; Model of human occupation; Occupations; Population; Prospective Studies; Psychiatry; Psykiatri; Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology; Rehabilitation, Vocational; Severe mental illness; Therapists; Variables; Vocational rehabilitation; Severe mental illness; Enhanced Individual Placement & Support; Employment; Model of human occupation
• ISSN: 1471-244X; 1471-244X
• DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02745-3

Employment is good for physical and mental health, however people with severe mental illness (SMI) are often excluded from employment. Standard Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is effective in supporting around 55% of people with SMI into employment or education. Current research considers enhancements to IPS to improve outcomes for those requiring more complex interventions. Clinicians need to better understand who will benefit from these enhanced IPS interventions. This study offers a new enhanced IPS intervention and an approach to predicting who may achieve successful outcomes. This prospective cohort study included people with SMI who participated in an enhanced IPS service and had prolonged absence from employment. Secondary data analysis was conducted of data gathered in routine clinical practice. Univariate analysis coupled with previous research and clinical consultation was used to select variables to be included in the initial model, followed by a backward stepwise approach to model building for the final multiple logistic regression model with an outcome of successful or unsuccessful goal attainment (employment or education). Sixty-three percent of participants in the enhanced IPS successfully attained employment or education. Significant relationships from bivariate analyses were identified between outcomes (employment or education) and seven psychosocial variables. Adapting Routines to Minimise Difficulties, Work Related Goals, and Living in an Area of Lesser Deprivation were found to be significant in predicting employment or education in the final multiple logistic regression model R  = 0.16 (Hosmer-Lemeshow), 0.19 (Cox-Snell), 0.26 (Nagelkerke). Model χ (7) = 41.38 p < .001. An enhanced IPS service had a 63% rate success in achieving employment or education, higher than comparable studies and provides an alternative to IPS-Lite and IPS-standard for more complex populations. Motivational and habitual psychosocial variables are helpful in predicting who may benefit from an enhanced IPS intervention supporting people after prolonged absence from employment. NCT04083404 Registered 05 September 2019 (retrospectively registered).