Impact of combined exercise training on the development of cardiometabolic and neuroimmune complications induced by fructose consumption in hypertensive rats

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 15; no. 6; p. e0233785
• Main Authors: Dias, Danielle da Silva, Bernardes, Nathalia, Stoyell-Conti, Filipe Fernandes, dos Santos, Camila Paixão, de Araujo, Amanda Aparecida, Llesuy, Susana, Irigoyen, Maria Cláudia, De Angelis, Kátia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 10.06.2020; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Aerobics; Autonomic nervous system; Autonomic neuropathies; Baroreceptors; Biology and Life Sciences; Blood pressure; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Complications; Complications and side effects; Consumption; Drinking water; Exercise; Fitness equipment; Fitness training programs; Fructose; Glucose; Glutathione; Health aspects; Heart; Heart rate; Hemodynamics; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Laboratory animals; Medicine and Health Sciences; Metabolic syndrome; NAD(P)H oxidase; Oxidative stress; Physical fitness; Physical Sciences; Physical training; Physiology; Prevention; Reflexes; Risk factors; Running; Sensitivity; Subgroups; Time series; Training; Treadmills; Triglycerides; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Weaning; Weight reduction; Brazil; United States > US
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233785

This study evaluated the impact of combined exercise training on the development of cardiovascular and neuroimmune complications induced by fructose consumption (10% in the drinking water) in hypertensive rats (SHR). After weaning, SHR were divided into 3 groups: SHR (H), SHR+fructose (HF) and SHR+fructose+combined exercise training (treadmill+ladder, 40-60% of maximum capacity) (HFTC). Metabolic, hemodynamic, autonomic, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated in the subgroups (n = 6 group/time) at 7, 15, 30 and 60 days of protocol. Fructose consumption (H vs. HF groups) decreased spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity and total variance of pulse interval at day 7 (7 to 60); increased IL-6 and TNF[alpha] in the heart (at day 15, 30 and 60) and NADPH oxidase activity and cardiac lipoperoxidation (LPO) (day 60); increased white adipose tissue weight, reduced insulin sensitivity and increased triglycerides (day 60); induced an additional increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (days 30 and 60). Combined exercise training prevented such dysfunctions and sustained increased cardiac IL-10 (day 7) and glutathione redox balance (GSH/GSSG) for the entire protocol. In conclusion, combined exercise training performed simultaneously with exacerbated fructose consumption prevented early cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction, probably trigging positive changes in inflammation and oxidative stress, resulting in a better cardiometabolic profile in rats genetically predisposed to hypertension.