Three-dimensional periodontal tissue regeneration using a bone-ligament complex cell sheet

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 1656
• Main Authors: Raju, Resmi, Oshima, Masamitsu, Inoue, Miho, Morita, Tsuyoshi, Huijiao, Yan, Waskitho, Arief, Baba, Otto, Inoue, Masahisa, Matsuka, Yoshizo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 03.02.2020; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 13/1; 13/107; 13/51; 14/63; 38/22; 38/77; 3T3 Cells; 631/61/2035; 631/61/490; 64/60; Alveolar bone; Animals; Bone growth; Cell culture; Cells, Cultured; Cementum; Dental Cementum - cytology; Dental Cementum - physiology; Dental Cementum - transplantation; Female; Fibers; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal - methods; Humanities and Social Sciences; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Ligaments; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, SCID; multidisciplinary; Osteoblasts - cytology; Osteoblasts - physiology; Osteoblasts - transplantation; Periodontal diseases; Periodontal ligament; Periodontal Ligament - cytology; Periodontal Ligament - physiology; Periodontal Ligament - transplantation; Periodontium - anatomy & histology; Periodontium - cytology; Periodontium - physiology; Progenitor cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regeneration; Regeneration - physiology; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Stem cells; Teeth; Tissue engineering; Tissue Engineering - methods; Tissues; Transplantation; Transplants & implants; X-Ray Microtomography
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58222-0

Periodontal tissue is a distinctive tissue structure composed three-dimensionally of cementum, periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. Severe periodontal diseases cause fundamental problems for oral function and general health, and conventional dental treatments are insufficient for healing to healthy periodontal tissue. Cell sheet technology has been used in many tissue regenerations, including periodontal tissue, to transplant appropriate stem/progenitor cells for tissue regeneration of a target site as a uniform tissue. However, it is still difficult to construct a three-dimensional structure of complex tissue composed of multiple types of cells, and the transplantation of a single cell sheet cannot sufficiently regenerate a large-scale tissue injury. Here, we fabricated a three-dimensional complex cell sheet composed of a bone-ligament structure by layering PDL cells and osteoblast-like cells on a temperature responsive culture dish. Following ectopic and orthotopic transplantation, only the complex cell sheet group was demonstrated to anatomically regenerate the bone-ligament structure along with the functional connection of PDL-like fibers to the tooth root and alveolar bone. This study represents successful three-dimensional tissue regeneration of a large-scale tissue injury using a bioengineered tissue designed to simulate the anatomical structure.