Active Surveillance for Avian Influenza Virus, Egypt, 2010–2012

Continuous circulation of influenza A(H5N1) virus among poultry in Egypt has created an epicenter in which the viruses evolve into newer subclades and continue to cause disease in humans. To detect influenza viruses in Egypt, since 2009 we have actively surveyed various regions and poultry productio...

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Published inEmerging infectious diseases Vol. 20; no. 4; pp. 542 - 551
Main Authors Kayali, Ghazi, Kandeil, Ahmed, El-Shesheny, Rabeh, Kayed, Ahmed S., Gomaa, Mokhtar M., Maatouq, Asmaa M., Shehata, Mahmoud M., Moatasim, Yassmin, Bagato, Ola, Cai, Zhipeng, Rubrum, Adam, Kutkat, Mohamed A., McKenzie, Pamela P., Webster, Robert G., Webby, Richard J., Ali, Mohamed A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.04.2014
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subjects
Analysis
Animals
Avian influenza
Avian influenza viruses
Birds - virology
Earthquakes
Egypt
Egypt - epidemiology
Genetic transcription
H5N1
highly pathogenic avian influenza
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype - genetics
Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype - genetics
Influenza in Birds - epidemiology
Poultry industry
surveillance
viruses
Egypt
H5N1
HPAI
highly pathogenic avian influenza
poultry
viruses
avian influenza
Egypt
surveillance
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Summary:Continuous circulation of influenza A(H5N1) virus among poultry in Egypt has created an epicenter in which the viruses evolve into newer subclades and continue to cause disease in humans. To detect influenza viruses in Egypt, since 2009 we have actively surveyed various regions and poultry production sectors. From August 2010 through January 2013, >11,000 swab samples were collected; 10% were positive by matrix gene reverse transcription PCR. During this period, subtype H9N2 viruses emerged, cocirculated with subtype H5N1 viruses, and frequently co-infected the same avian host. Genetic and antigenic analyses of viruses revealed that influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.2.1 viruses are dominant and that all subtype H9N2 viruses are G1-like. Cocirculation of different subtypes poses concern for potential reassortment. Avian influenza continues to threaten public and animal health in Egypt, and continuous surveillance for avian influenza virus is needed.
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ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2004.131295