Incidence and treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection in cystic fibrosis patients: a cohort study

• Published in: The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 107 - 111
• Main Authors: Bittencourt, Paloma Horejs, Pimentel, Carlos Sidney Silva, Bonfim, Bianca Sampaio, Marostica, Paulo José, Souza, Edna Lúcia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil Elsevier Editora Ltda 01.01.2017; Contexto; Elsevier; Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Antibiotic therapy; Brazil; Brief Communication; Care and treatment; Child; Child, Preschool; Cystic fibrosis; Cystic Fibrosis - microbiology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; INFECTIOUS DISEASES; Male; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pediatrics: therapy; Retrospective Studies; Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcus aureus infections; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult; Brazil; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Antibiotic therapy; Pediatrics: therapy
• ISSN: 1413-8670; 1678-4391; 1678-4391
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2016.09.003

In Brazil the knowledge about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in cystic fibrosis patients is scarce. This study aimed to determine the incidence of respiratory tract colonization and the identification rates after a standardized treatment. A retrospective cohort was performed highlighting the history of respiratory colonizations between January 2008 and June 2015. Patients under the age of 21 years with cystic fibrosis confirmed by sweat test or genetic study receiving care at the outpatient clinics of a Teaching Hospital were included. The treatment consisted of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, rifampicin, nasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine 2%. The mean follow-up period was of 22.2 months and those with ≥3 negative cultures were considered free of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Forty-two patients were included. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was identified in six patients. Most patients had methicillin-sensitive S. aureus isolation prior to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Five children used the standardized treatment, none presented side effects. Only one child had a new isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus during follow-up (after 20 months). The incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection was high and occurred in young patients. The therapeutic regimen was effective, safe and being a good option to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.