Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging

• Published in: Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography Vol. 28; no. 1; pp. 1 - 39.e14
• Main Authors: Lang, Roberto M., Badano, Luigi P., Mor-Avi, Victor, Afilalo, Jonathan, Armstrong, Anderson, Ernande, Laura, Flachskampf, Frank A., Foster, Elyse, Goldstein, Steven A., Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Lancellotti, Patrizio, Muraru, Denisa, Picard, Michael H., Rietzschel, Ernst R., Rudski, Lawrence, Spencer, Kirk T., Tsang, Wendy, Voigt, Jens-Uwe
• Format: Journal Article Web Resource
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.01.2015; Mosby Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Adult echocardiography; Cardiovascular; Cardiovascular & respiratory systems; Doppler echocardiography; Echocardiography; Echocardiography - standards; Europe; Female; Heart Ventricles; Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging; Human health sciences; Humans; M mode echocardiography; Male; Normal values; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Review; Sciences de la santé humaine; Stroke Volume; Systèmes cardiovasculaire & respiratoire; Transthoracic echocardiography; United States; Ventricular Dysfunction; Ventricular Dysfunction - diagnostic imaging; Ventricular function; I-I; RV; TTE; STE; PW; TAVI; L-L; LV; TAVR; GLS; BSA; 2D; ASE; EDV; EF; Transthoracic echocardiography; CMR; ESV; FAC; TAPSE; MDCT; RWT; Adult echocardiography; AP; RA; EACVI; 3D; Normal values; 2DE; 3DE; LA; TEE; IVC; DTI; Ventricular function; RIMP; Right atrial; Two-dimensional echocardiography; Anteroposterior; Inner edge–to–inner edge; Transcatheter aortic valve replacement; End-diastolic volume; Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; Doppler tissue imaging; American Society of Echocardiography; Ejection fraction; Pulsed-wave; Transesophageal echocardiography; European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging; Left ventricular; Two-dimensional; Relative wall thickness; Global longitudinal strain; Fractional area change; Speckle-tracking echocardiography; Body surface area; Inferior vena cava; Transcatheter aortic valve implantation; Three-dimensional echocardiography; Multidetector computed tomography; Right ventricular index of myocardial performance; Three-dimensional; Cardiac magnetic resonance; Right ventricular; Leading edge–to–leading edge; End-systolic volume; Left atrial
• ISSN: 0894-7317; 1097-6795; 1097-6795
• DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2014.10.003

The rapid technological developments of the past decade and the changes in echocardiographic practice brought about by these developments have resulted in the need for updated recommendations to the previously published guidelines for cardiac chamber quantification, which was the goal of the joint writing group assembled by the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. This document provides updated normal values for all four cardiac chambers, including three-dimensional echocardiography and myocardial deformation, when possible, on the basis of considerably larger numbers of normal subjects, compiled from multiple databases. In addition, this document attempts to eliminate several minor discrepancies that existed between previously published guidelines.