New perspectives on obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis and related clinical manifestations

Adipose tissue is a complex heterogeneous tissue composed of adipocytes along with several non-adipocyte populations, including blood, stromal, endothelial, and progenitor cells, as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) components. As obesity progresses, the adipose tissue expands dynamically through a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inENDOCRINE JOURNAL Vol. 69; no. 7; pp. 739 - 748
Main Author Hasegawa, Yutaka
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Japanese
Published Japan The Japan Endocrine Society 01.01.2022
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Subjects
Adipocytes
Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue fibrosis
Body fat
Brown/beige adipocytes
Comorbidity
Extracellular matrix
Extracellular matrix components
Fibrosis
Genetic factors
Hemopoiesis
Hyperplasia
Hypertrophy
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Metabolic syndrome
Metabolism
Obesity
Progenitor cells
Reviews
Extracellular matrix components
Obesity
Insulin resistance
Adipose tissue fibrosis
Brown/beige adipocytes
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Summary:Adipose tissue is a complex heterogeneous tissue composed of adipocytes along with several non-adipocyte populations, including blood, stromal, endothelial, and progenitor cells, as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) components. As obesity progresses, the adipose tissue expands dynamically through adipocyte hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia. This expansion requires continuous ECM remodeling to properly accommodate the size increase as well as functional changes. Upon reaching a hypertrophic threshold beyond the adipocyte buffering capacity, excess ECM components are deposited, causing fibrosis and ultimately resulting in unhealthy metabolic maladaptation. These complex ECM remodeling processes in adipose tissues are regulated by the local environment, several key mediators, and genetic factors that are closely linked to insulin sensitivity. It is crucial to understand how adipocytes interact with nonadipocyte populations and various mediators (i.e., immune cells, ECM components, and adipokines) during these processes. This mini-review provides an overview of the latest research into the biology of obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis and its related clinical manifestations, providing insight for further studies aimed at controlling metabolic syndrome and its comorbidities.
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ISSN:0918-8959
1348-4540
DOI:10.1507/endocrj.EJ22-0035