1363-P: Emerging Clinical Features of New Onset Type 2 DM in India

• Published in: Diabetes (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 74; no. Supplement_1; p. 1
• Main Authors: GUPTA, SUNIL S., GUPTA, SHLOK S., GUPTA, KAVITA S., MAHESHWARI, ANUJ
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York American Diabetes Association 20.06.2025
• Subjects: Age; Anthropometry; Body weight loss; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic neuropathy; Diagnosis; Dyslipidemia; High density lipoprotein; Hypertension; Low density lipoprotein; Neuropathy; Obesity; Retinopathy; Risk factors; Statistical analysis; Vascular diseases; India
• ISSN: 0012-1797; 1939-327X
• DOI: 10.2337/db25-1363-P

Introduction and Objective: People with Type2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in India are diagnosed at the younger age, are centrally obese and have higher risk of complications. Clinicians need to know about emerging presentations of T2DM in India. We aim to assess the risk factors and clinical features of new onset T2DM people in India. Methods: It is a retrospective data analysis of a tertiary care centre, wherein, 328 people with new onset T2DM diagnosed within one year (2022-2023) were selected. Subjects were divided on the age of onset of T2DM at 20-45years [n-155 (48%) group A] and >45years [n-173 (52%) group B]. History, clinical symptoms at diagnosis, anthropometry, screening for vasculopathy and associated disorder was evaluated. Statistical analysis was done. Results: Of 328, 225 (69%) were male, mean age of onset of T2DM: 46.9+ 11years. 52% had positive Family history of diabetes, Mean BMI-26.9+ 4.2kg/m2. Mean HbA1c, fasting, 2hr post-meal blood glucose were 8.8+ 2.35%, 168+ 69mg% and 256+ 99mg% respectively. 8(5%) subjects of group A and 66(38%) subjects of group B had symptoms of weight loss of >5kg at diagnosis (p<0.001). 101(30.8%) had hypertension, 5 (1.5%) had CAD on resting ECG/ by history. Mean LDL-c, HDL-c, Triglyceride were 105+ 37mg%, 42+ 14mg%, and 209+ 121mg% respectively. Mean e-GFR was 100+ 19 ml/min/1.73m2. Hypertension and Neuropathy was significantly higher in group B (43% & 26%) versus group A (17% & 11.1%) (p<0.001). 2.6% had diabetic retinopathy. Maternal transmission was more common (37/110: 33.6%) than paternal (31/110: 28.2%), while history of diabetes in both parents and in siblings was in 27/110(24.5%) and 15/110(13.6%) respectively. Conclusion: ~50% of new onset T2DM in India are diagnosed before 45ys age, family history plays a major role, more so from maternal transmission. Obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and neuropathy are common complications observed in them.