Specific COVID-19 risk behaviors and the preventive effect of personal protective equipment among healthcare workers in Japan

• Published in: Global Health & Medicine Vol. 5; no. 1; pp. 5 - 14
• Main Authors: Shimbashi, Reiko, Shiino, Teiichiro, Ainai, Akira, Moriyama, Saya, Arai, Satoru, Morino, Saeko, Takanashi, Sayaka, Arashiro, Takeshi, Suzuki, Motoi, Matsuzawa, Yukimasa, Kato, Kenichiro, Hasegawa, Mitsuru, Koshida, Rie, Kitaoka, Masami, Ueno, Takafumi, Shimizu, Hidefumi, Yuki, Hiroyoshi, Takeda, Tomoko, Nakamura-Uchiyama, Fukumi, Takasugi, Kashiya, Iida, Shun, Shimada, Tomoe, Kato, Hirofumi, Fujimoto, Tsuguto, Iwata-Yoshikawa, Naoko, Sano, Kaori, Yamada, Souichi, Kuroda, Yudai, Okuma, Kazu, Nojima, Kiyoko, Nagata, Noriyo, Fukushi, Shuetsu, Maeda, Ken, Takahashi, Yoshimasa, Suzuki, Tadaki, Ohnishi, Makoto, Tanaka-Taya, Keiko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan National Center for Global Health and Medicine 28.02.2023
• Subjects: Original; personal protective equipment; risk factors; seroepidemiology; seroepidemiology; risk factors; personal protective equipment
• ISSN: 2434-9186; 2434-9194; 2434-9194
• DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2022.01060

As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks in healthcare facilities are a serious public health concern, we performed a case-control study to investigate the risk of COVID-19 infection in healthcare workers. We collected data on participants' sociodemographic characteristics, contact behaviors, installation status of personal protective equipment, and polymerase chain reaction testing results. We also collected whole blood and assessed seropositivity using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and microneutralization assay. In total, 161 (8.5%) of 1,899 participants were seropositive between August 3 and November 13, 2020. Physical contact (adjusted odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.1-5.6) and aerosol-generating procedures (1.9, 1.1-3.2) were associated with seropositivity. Using goggles (0.2, 0.1-0.5) and N95 masks (0.3, 0.1-0.8) had a preventive effect. Seroprevalence was higher in the outbreak ward (18.6%) than in the COVID-19 dedicated ward (1.4%). Results showed certain specific risk behaviors of COVID-19; proper infection prevention practices reduced these risks.