Neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects of superoxide dismutase on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and RAW264.7 macrophages

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 19; no. 5; p. e0303136
• Main Authors: Kim, Moon-Beom, Park, Su-Min, Lim, Ga-Hyun, Oh, Yong-Hun, Seo, Kyung-Won, Youn, Hwa-Young
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 14.05.2024; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Analysis; Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Biology and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Cell culture; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cytokines; Enzymes; Free radicals; Humans; Hydrogen peroxide; Hydrogen Peroxide - pharmacology; Immune response; Immune system; Immunomodulation; Inflammation; Innate immunity; Macrophages; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - immunology; Macrophages - metabolism; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mice; Necrosis; Nerves; Neuroblastoma; Neuroblastoma - immunology; Neuroblastoma - pathology; Neuroblasts; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Research and Analysis Methods; Software; Superoxide; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; South Korea; United States > US; Seoul South Korea
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303136

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that protects the body from free radicals. It has both antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, inducing macrophage polarization from M1 to M2. Macrophages, key mediators of the innate immune response, are divided into the M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) subtypes. In this study, we aimed to assess the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of SOD on nerve cells and its immunomodulatory effects on macrophages. We observed that SOD inhibited the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and enhanced the viability of H2O2-treated nerve cells. Furthermore, SOD reduced the degree of necrosis in nerve cells treated with the conditioned medium from macrophages, which induced inflammation. In addition, SOD promoted the M1 to M2 transition of macrophages. Our findings suggest that SOD protects nerve cells and regulates immune responses.